Mineyama Ryoko, Tezuka Fumie, Takagi Nobuko, Kokabu Shoichiro, Okubo Masahiko
Takagi Dental Clinic, Tsuchiura 300-0814, Japan.
Food and Nutrition Department, Koibuchi College of Agriculture and Nutrition, Mito 319-0323, Japan.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2023 Jan 6;8(1):8. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics8010008.
Japan has the world's highest life longevity, and centenarian patients are no longer rare. However, sufficient information related to centenarians is not available. Herein, we report the case of a 101-year-old centenarian woman who recovered from extreme inactivity and general weakness, mainly through nutritional management at home, to understand instances of nutritional management in centenarians. The patient developed lethargy, with a rapid decline in activity levels and food intake. She was diagnosed with senility by a primary doctor. We concluded that she had no problems with feeding and swallowing and predicted that her motivation to eat had decreased. We planned an intervention that lasted three months. To reduce the risk of aspiration, we paid attention to her posture while eating. To stimulate her appetite, we increased the variety and color of food items. To consider both the texture of food and safety, we changed the form of foods from paste (IDDSI Level 4)-like to solid food of regular size as much as possible. We recommended that the patient consume her favorite sweet between meals to enjoy eating. Two and half months after the initial intervention, the patient's inactivity and general weakness improved dramatically, which was recognized by her willingness to eat, laugh loudly, and hum, although she could not speak clearly. The patient finally was able to have dinner with her family.
日本拥有世界上最高的人均寿命,百岁老人已不再罕见。然而,与百岁老人相关的充分信息却并不存在。在此,我们报告一例101岁的百岁女性病例,她主要通过在家中进行营养管理,从极度活动不便和全身虚弱中康复,以了解百岁老人的营养管理情况。该患者出现嗜睡,活动水平和食物摄入量迅速下降。她被初级医生诊断为衰老。我们得出结论,她在进食和吞咽方面没有问题,并推测她的进食动机有所下降。我们计划了一项为期三个月的干预措施。为降低误吸风险,我们在她进食时注意她的姿势。为刺激她的食欲,我们增加了食物的种类和颜色。为兼顾食物质地和安全性,我们尽可能将食物形态从类似泥状(国际吞咽障碍饮食标准改进版4级)转变为常规大小的固体食物。我们建议患者在两餐之间食用她喜欢的甜食以享受进食过程。初始干预两个半月后,患者的活动不便和全身虚弱状况显著改善,这从她愿意进食、大声欢笑和哼唱中得以体现,尽管她说话不太清楚。患者最终能够与家人共进晚餐。