Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Mercy Burn Center, Pennsylvania.
J Burn Care Res. 2021 May 7;42(3):481-487. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/iraa186.
Airbags significantly reduce fatalities and injuries in automobile crashes, but they have been found to be associated with burns. Specifically, airbags can cause burns through thermal or chemical mechanisms and commonly affect the arms, hands, face, and eyes. While most airbag-induced burns are minor, some may cause unfavorable outcomes. Our study aimed to systematically review airbag-induced burns to assess etiology, type, and treatment of these injuries. A systematic review of case reports pertaining to airbag-induced cutaneous and ocular burns was conducted. Data reviewed included type/location of burns, severity of burn, total number of patients, treatment, complications, and outcome after treatment. We identified 21 case reports that met our inclusion criteria with a total of 24 patients reported in the studies. Of the studies identified, 38% were chemical burns and 25% were thermal burns. Most commonly the upper extremities were burned in 42% of cases, followed by eyes (25%) and face (21%). Most burns identified were superficial partial thickness (58%). Treatment outcomes were good for cutaneous burns, with 95% healing without complication. However, ocular injuries lead to permanent impaired eye function in 71% of cases. In our systematic review, we highlighted the common risk factors, prognosis, and treatment for thermal, chemical, and ocular burns. Airbag-induced burns have a relatively good prognosis but must be recognized and treated immediately to reduce the risk of serious sequelae.
安全气囊可显著降低汽车碰撞事故中的死亡率和受伤率，但也发现它们与烧伤有关。具体来说，安全气囊可能通过热或化学机制引起烧伤，通常会影响手臂、手、面部和眼睛。虽然大多数安全气囊引起的烧伤是轻微的，但有些可能会导致不良后果。我们的研究旨在系统地回顾安全气囊引起的烧伤，以评估这些损伤的病因、类型和治疗方法。对与安全气囊引起的皮肤和眼部烧伤有关的病例报告进行了系统回顾。回顾的数据包括烧伤类型/部位、烧伤严重程度、患者总数、治疗方法、并发症以及治疗后的结果。我们确定了符合纳入标准的 21 份病例报告，其中研究报告了 24 名患者。在所确定的研究中，38%为化学烧伤，25%为热烧伤。最常见的是上肢烧伤，占 42%，其次是眼睛（25%）和面部（21%）。大多数烧伤为浅二度烧伤（58%）。皮肤烧伤的治疗效果良好，95%的患者治愈且无并发症。然而，眼部损伤导致 71%的病例永久性视力受损。在我们的系统综述中，我们强调了热、化学和眼部烧伤的常见危险因素、预后和治疗方法。安全气囊引起的烧伤预后相对较好，但必须立即识别和治疗，以降低发生严重后遗症的风险。
