Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.
Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.
Mol Imaging Biol. 2021 Feb;23(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s11307-020-01559-9. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
The development of nanoparticle probes has opened up new possibilities for molecular imaging in the era of precision medicine. There are a wide range of nanoprobes that are being used for various modalities that have demonstrated promising potential in early detection, disease monitoring, and theranostics. However, the rate of successful clinical translation of the nanoprobes is very low and is affected by the lack of our understanding about nanoparticle interaction with biological fluids after systemic administration, thus representing an unmet clinical need. One of the poorly understood issues relates to the formation of biomolecular corona, a layer of biomolecules formed on the surface of nanoscale materials during their interactions with biological fluids. The biomolecular corona has several significant effects on the biodistribution of nanoprobes and their imaging ability by (i) reducing their targeting efficacy and (ii) affecting the intrinsic imaging properties (e.g., contrast capacity of magnetic nanoprobes). This review provides insights on the importance of considering biomolecular corona in the development of nanoprobes, which may enable their more efficient utilization for molecular imaging applications.
纳米探针的发展为精准医学时代的分子成像开辟了新的可能性。有广泛的纳米探针用于各种模态，在早期检测、疾病监测和治疗方面表现出了有前景的潜力。然而，纳米探针成功进行临床转化的速度非常低，这是由于我们对纳米颗粒在全身给药后与生物流体相互作用缺乏了解，因此代表了一个未满足的临床需求。其中一个理解不足的问题与生物分子冠的形成有关，即纳米材料与生物流体相互作用时，在其表面形成的一层生物分子。生物分子冠对纳米探针的生物分布及其成像能力有几个重要的影响，包括：(i)降低其靶向效率，(ii)影响内在的成像特性（例如，磁性纳米探针的对比度能力）。本综述提供了关于在纳米探针的开发中考虑生物分子冠的重要性的见解，这可能使它们更有效地用于分子成像应用。
