Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Dong-Ju College, Busan 49318, Korea.
Department of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Oct 21;17(20):7686. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207686.
The intima-media thickness (IMT), luminal diameters (LDs), flow velocities (FVs), compliance, and β-stiffness of the carotid artery (CA) are considered as independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Pre-hypertension (PHT) is also an independent CVD risk factor. This study investigated the association between CA damage (CAD) and PHT. A total of 544 adults participated; their blood pressures (BPs) and CA characteristics were measured using a mercury-free sphygmomanometer and ultrasound. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to assess the differences in the CA characteristics according to the BPs, multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the risk of CAD associated with PHT. In ANCOVA, the CA characteristics of PHT were significantly different from normotensive. The odds ratios (ORs) of IMTmax, LDmax, LDmin, peak-systolic FV (PFV), end-diastolic FV (EFV), PFV/LDmin, EFV/LDmax, compliance, and β-stiffness of PHT were 4.20, 2.70, 3.52, 2.41, 3.06, 3.55, 3.29, 2.02, and 1.84 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively, in Model 2. In Model 3 adjusted for age, the ORs of LDmax, LDmin, EFV, PFV/LDmin, and EFV/LDmax of PHT were 2.10, 2.55, 1.96, 2.20, and 2.04 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively. Therefore, the present study revealed that CAD is closely correlated with pre-hypertensive status in adults.
颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、管腔直径（LDs）、血流速度（FVs）、顺应性和β硬度被认为是心血管疾病（CVDs）的独立危险因素。高血压前期（PHT）也是一个独立的 CVD 危险因素。本研究探讨了颈动脉损伤（CAD）与 PHT 之间的关系。共有 544 名成年人参与；使用无汞血压计和超声测量他们的血压（BP）和颈动脉特征。采用协方差分析（ANCOVA）评估根据 BP 测量颈动脉特征的差异，采用多项逻辑回归评估与 PHT 相关的 CAD 风险。在 ANCOVA 中，PHT 的颈动脉特征与正常血压显著不同。PHT 的 IMTmax、LDmax、LDmin、收缩期峰值 FV（PFV）、舒张末期 FV（EFV）、PFV/LDmin、EFV/LDmax、顺应性和β硬度的比值（OR）分别为 4.20、2.70、3.52、2.41、3.06、3.55、3.29、2.02 和 1.84 倍高于正常血压，在模型 2 中。在模型 3 中，校正年龄后，PHT 的 LDmax、LDmin、EFV、PFV/LDmin 和 EFV/LDmax 的 OR 分别为 2.10、2.55、1.96、2.20 和 2.04 倍高于正常血压。因此，本研究表明，CAD 与成年人的高血压前期状态密切相关。
