Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Department of Environmental Toxicology (ENTX), Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Oct 22;20(21):5974. doi: 10.3390/s20215974.
Recently, biosensors have been used in an increasing number of different fields and disciplines due to their wide applicability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Three large disciplines in which this has become relevant has been the forensic, biometric, and cybersecurity fields. The call for novel noninvasive biosensors for these three applications has been a focus of research in these fields. Recent advances in these three areas has relied on the use of biosensors based on primarily colorimetric assays based on bioaffinity interactions utilizing enzymatic assays. In forensics, the use of different bodily fluids for metabolite analysis provides an alternative to the use of DNA to avoid the backlog that is currently the main issue with DNA analysis by providing worthwhile information about the originator. In biometrics, the use of sweat-based systems for user authentication has been developed as a proof-of-concept design utilizing the levels of different metabolites found in sweat. Lastly, biosensor assays have been developed as a proof-of-concept for combination with cybersecurity, primarily cryptography, for the encryption and protection of data and messages.
近年来，由于生物传感器具有广泛的适用性、重现性和选择性，因此在越来越多的不同领域和学科中得到了应用。其中三个相关的大领域是法医、生物识别和网络安全领域。对于这三种应用，需要新型的非侵入式生物传感器，这一直是这些领域研究的重点。这三个领域的最新进展依赖于使用基于生物亲和相互作用的基于比色测定法的生物传感器，这些测定法利用酶测定法。在法医学中，使用不同的体液进行代谢物分析提供了一种替代方法，可以避免当前 DNA 分析中由于 DNA 分析导致的积压问题，因为它提供了有关来源的有价值的信息。在生物识别领域，已经开发出基于汗液的用户身份验证系统，作为利用汗液中发现的不同代谢物水平的概念验证设计。最后，生物传感器测定法已被开发为与网络安全（主要是加密术）相结合的概念验证，用于加密和保护数据和消息。
