Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, and Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, People's Republic of China.
Nanoscale. 2020 Nov 5;12(42):21571-21582. doi: 10.1039/d0nr04080k.
Tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive nanodevices are essential tools for cancer imaging and therapy. Exploiting the advantages of molecular engineering, nanodevices are emerging for biomedical applications. In order to reach targeted cancer areas, activated nanodevices first respond to the TME and then serve as an actuator for sensing, imaging and therapy. Most nanodevices depend on a single parameter as an input for their downstream activation, potentially leading to inaccurate diagnostic results and poor therapeutic outcomes. However, in the TME, some biomarkers are cross-linked, and such correlated biomarkers are potentially useful for cancer imaging and theranostic applications. Based on this phenomenon, researchers have developed approaches for the construction of multiparameter-activated nanodevices (MANs) to improve accuracy. This minireview summarizes the recent advances in the development of MANs for cancer imaging including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) imaging, as well as cancer therapy including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, photoinduced therapy and immunotherapy. We highlight different approaches for improving the specificity and precision of cancer imaging and therapy. In the future, MANs will show promise for clinical work in multimodal diagnosis and therapeutics.
肿瘤微环境（TME）响应型纳米器件是癌症成像和治疗的重要工具。利用分子工程的优势，纳米器件正在新兴的用于生物医学应用。为了到达靶向癌症区域，激活的纳米器件首先响应 TME，然后作为传感器、成像和治疗的执行器。大多数纳米器件依赖于单个参数作为其下游激活的输入，这可能导致不准确的诊断结果和较差的治疗效果。然而，在 TME 中，一些生物标志物是交联的，这种相关的生物标志物对于癌症成像和治疗应用可能是有用的。基于这一现象，研究人员已经开发了用于构建多参数激活纳米器件（MANs）的方法，以提高准确性。这篇小型综述总结了用于癌症成像的 MANs 的最新进展，包括荧光成像、光声（PA）成像、磁共振成像（MRI）和计算机断层扫描（CT）成像，以及癌症治疗，包括放射治疗、化学治疗、光诱导治疗和免疫治疗。我们强调了不同的方法来提高癌症成像和治疗的特异性和精度。在未来，MANs 将有望在多模态诊断和治疗的临床工作中发挥作用。
