全球乳腺癌幸存者健康饮食和身体活动的自我报告变化和感知障碍：来自探索性在线新调查的结果。
Self-Reported Changes and Perceived Barriers to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity among Global Breast Cancer Survivors: Results from an Exploratory Online Novel Survey.
机构信息
Clinical Health and Nutrition Centre, Department of Health and Nutritional Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ireland; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
出版信息
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Feb;121(2):233-241.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.09.031. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
BACKGROUND
Despite being motivated to improve nutrition and physical activity behaviors, cancer survivors are still burdened by suboptimal dietary intake and low levels of physical activity.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess changes in nutrition and physical activity behaviors after cancer diagnosis or treatment, barriers to eating a healthy diet and staying physically active, and sources for seeking nutrition advice reported by breast cancer survivors.
DESIGN
This was a cross-sectional study.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The study included 315 survivors of breast cancer who were recruited through social media and provided completed responses to an online exploratory survey.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Self-reported changes in nutrition and physical activity behaviors after cancer diagnosis or treatment, perceived barriers to healthy eating and physical activity, and sources of nutrition advice were measured.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Frequency distribution of nutrition and physical activity behaviors and changes, barriers to healthy eating and physical activity, and sources of nutrition advice were estimated.
RESULTS
About 84.4% of the breast cancer survivors reported at least 1 positive behavior for improving nutrition and physical activity after cancer diagnosis or treatment. Fatigue was the top barrier to both making healthy food choices (72.1%) and staying physically active (65.7%), followed by stress (69.5%) and treatment-related changes in eating habits (eg, change in tastes, loss of appetite, and craving unhealthy food) (31.4% to 48.6%) as barriers to healthy eating, and pain or discomfort (53.7%) as barriers to being physically active. Internet search (74.9%) was the primary source for seeking nutrition advice. Fewer than half reported seeking nutrition advice from health care providers.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite making positive changes in nutrition and physical activity behaviors after cancer diagnosis or treatment, breast cancer survivors experience treatment-related barriers to eating a healthy diet and staying physically active. Our results reinforce the need for developing tailored intervention programs and integrating nutrition into oncology care.
背景
尽管癌症幸存者有改善营养和身体活动行为的动机，但他们仍然存在饮食摄入不足和身体活动水平低的问题。
目的
本研究旨在评估乳腺癌幸存者在癌症诊断或治疗后营养和身体活动行为的变化、影响健康饮食和保持身体活动的障碍，以及寻求营养建议的来源。
设计
这是一项横断面研究。
参与者/设置：该研究纳入了 315 名乳腺癌幸存者，他们通过社交媒体招募，并对在线探索性调查完成了完整的回复。
主要观察指标
癌症诊断或治疗后营养和身体活动行为的自我报告变化、健康饮食和身体活动的感知障碍，以及营养建议的来源。
统计分析
营养和身体活动行为及变化、健康饮食和身体活动的障碍以及营养建议的来源的频率分布进行了估计。
结果
约 84.4%的乳腺癌幸存者报告在癌症诊断或治疗后至少有 1 项改善营养和身体活动的积极行为。疲劳是影响健康饮食和保持身体活动的最大障碍（分别为 72.1%和 65.7%），其次是压力（69.5%）和治疗相关的饮食习惯改变（如味觉改变、食欲减退和渴望不健康的食物）（31.4%至 48.6%），而疼痛或不适（53.7%）则是身体活动的障碍。互联网搜索（74.9%）是寻求营养建议的主要来源。不到一半的人报告从医疗保健提供者那里寻求营养建议。
结论
尽管在癌症诊断或治疗后在营养和身体活动行为方面做出了积极的改变，但乳腺癌幸存者在健康饮食和保持身体活动方面仍面临与治疗相关的障碍。我们的研究结果强调了制定有针对性的干预计划和将营养纳入肿瘤学护理的必要性。
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