Section for Pediatric Endocrinology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Center for Populations Health Research, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Jun;72(4):537-547. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1840533. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been found to lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in adults. Little is known about its acceptance and relationship to cardiovascular risk markers in US adolescents. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, years 2007-2014, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of adherence to the Mediterranean diet among a representative sample of US adolescents ( = 4223), factors that influence adherence, and whether adherence is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including metabolic syndrome. MD adherence was calculated using the KIDMED scoring system. We found that overall MD adherence was very low among US adolescents, with Mexican American youths having higher adherence compared to other groups. Higher income was associated with greater adherence. There was low intake of key MD foods including olive oil and finfish. The unadjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 6.6%. MD adherence was not associated with metabolic syndrome.
地中海饮食（MD）已被发现可降低成年人患心脏病、中风和糖尿病的风险。关于其在美国青少年中的接受程度及其与心血管风险标志物的关系知之甚少。我们使用了 2007 年至 2014 年国家健康和营养检查调查的数据，对美国青少年（n=4223）中地中海饮食的依从性、影响依从性的因素以及依从性是否与包括代谢综合征在内的心血管危险因素相关进行了横断面分析。MD 依从性使用 KIDMED 评分系统进行评估。我们发现，美国青少年的 MD 整体依从性非常低，与其他群体相比，墨西哥裔美国青少年的依从性更高。较高的收入与更高的依从性相关。关键的 MD 食物，包括橄榄油和多脂鱼的摄入量较低。代谢综合征的未调整患病率为 6.6%。MD 依从性与代谢综合征无关。
