Alvarez León E E, Henríquez P, Serra-Majem L
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva del Complejo Hospitalario Materno-Insular de Gran Canaria.
Public Health Nutr. 2006 Dec;9(8A):1089-98. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007668487.
Assessment of relation between metabolic syndrome (MS) and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence.
Cross-sectional study. ATP III definition of MS was used. Adherence to MD was assessed with a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Intakes of cereal, fruit, legumes, vegetables, fish, nuts, monounsaturated to saturated ratio, alcohol from red wine, whole-fat dairy products and red meat were considered.
Representative sample of population from the Canary Islands (Spain) participating in the Canarian Nutrition Survey (ENCA).
578 adults>18 years.
Of the subjects, 24.4% presented MS. Once adjusted, MD adherence was not related to MS prevalence, but subjects in the third tertile of adherence presented 70% lower prevalence of the blood pressure criteria and 2.5 times more prevalence of the glycaemia criteria with respect to the first tertile. Red meat intake was associated with higher prevalence of blood pressure criteria. Moderate alcohol intake from red wine was associated with lower prevalence of these criteria in women and lower prevalence of HDL cholesterol criteria in men. Fruit intake showed a protective effect on triglyceride criteria, whereas vegetable intake was associated with higher prevalence of this criterion. Cereals' intake showed a protective effect over insulin resistance measured by high insulinaemia level. Fruit intake showed a significative protective effect over high Homeostasis Model Assessment index. Whole-fat dairy products showed a significant protective effect on the glycaemia criteria. High monounsaturated to saturated fatty acid intake showed a protective effect on insulin resistance.
Some components of the MD showed a protective effect on the MS and its components.
评估代谢综合征（MS）与地中海饮食（MD）依从性之间的关系。
横断面研究。采用ATP III对MS的定义。通过食物频率问卷评估对MD的依从性。考虑了谷物、水果、豆类、蔬菜、鱼类、坚果、单不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例、红酒中的酒精、全脂乳制品和红肉的摄入量。
来自西班牙加那利群岛参与加那利营养调查（ENCA）的具有代表性的人群样本。
578名年龄大于18岁的成年人。
在这些研究对象中，24.4%患有MS。经调整后，MD依从性与MS患病率无关，但依从性处于第三个三分位数的受试者与第一个三分位数相比，血压标准患病率低70%，血糖标准患病率高2.5倍。红肉摄入量与血压标准的较高患病率相关。适量饮用红酒与女性这些标准的较低患病率以及男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇标准的较低患病率相关。水果摄入量对甘油三酯标准有保护作用，而蔬菜摄入量与该标准的较高患病率相关。谷物摄入量对通过高胰岛素血症水平衡量的胰岛素抵抗有保护作用。水果摄入量对高稳态模型评估指数有显著保护作用。全脂乳制品对血糖标准有显著保护作用。高单不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸摄入量对胰岛素抵抗有保护作用。
MD的某些成分对MS及其组成部分有保护作用。
