College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2021;24(10):1644-1653. doi: 10.2174/1386207323999201027225305.
Thymoquinone (TQ), the bioactive constituent of Nigella Sativa seeds, is a well-known natural compound for the management of several types of cancers. The anti-cancer properties of thymoquinone are thought to be operated via intervening with various oncogenic pathways, prevention of inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, and induction of apoptosis, as well as up-regulation and down-regulation of specific tumor suppressor genes and tumor promoting genes, respectively. The proliferation of various tumor cells is inhibited by TQ via induction of cell cycle arrest, disruption of the microtubule organization, and downregulating cell survival protein expression. TQ induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer, colon cancer and osteosarcoma cells through inhibiting the activation of cyclin E or cyclin D and up-regulating p27 and p21, a cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor. TQ concentration is a significant factor in targeting a particular cell cycle phase. While high concentration of TQ induces G2 phase arrest in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, low concentration causes S phase arrest. This review article provides mechanistic insights into the anticancer properties of thymoquinone.
百里香醌（TQ）是黑种草种子中的生物活性成分，是一种众所周知的天然化合物，可用于治疗多种类型的癌症。百里香醌的抗癌特性被认为是通过干预各种致癌途径、预防炎症和氧化应激、抑制血管生成和转移以及诱导细胞凋亡来实现的，以及分别上调和下调特定的肿瘤抑制基因和肿瘤促进基因。TQ 通过诱导细胞周期停滞、破坏微管组织和下调细胞存活蛋白表达来抑制各种肿瘤细胞的增殖。TQ 通过抑制细胞周期蛋白 E 或 D 的激活和上调细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（Cdk）抑制剂 p27 和 p21，诱导人乳腺癌、结肠癌和骨肉瘤细胞的 G1 期细胞周期停滞。TQ 浓度是靶向特定细胞周期相的重要因素。虽然高浓度的 TQ 诱导人乳腺癌（MCF-7）细胞的 G2 期停滞，但低浓度导致 S 期停滞。本文综述了百里香醌的抗癌特性的机制见解。
