Kraft Jessica N, O'Shea Andrew, Albizu Alejandro, Evangelista Nicole D, Hausman Hanna K, Boutzoukas Emanuel, Nissim Nicole R, Van Etten Emily J, Bharadwaj Pradyumna K, Song Hyun, Smith Samantha G, Porges Eric, DeKosky Steven, Hishaw Georg A, Wu Samuel, Marsiske Michael, Cohen Ronald, Alexander Gene E, Woods Adam J
Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Sep 2;12:278. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00278. eCollection 2020.
Speed of processing is a cognitive domain that encompasses the speed at which an individual can perceive a given stimulus, interpret the information, and produce a correct response. Speed of processing has been shown to decline more rapidly than other cognitive domains in an aging population, suggesting that this domain is particularly vulnerable to cognitive aging (Chee et al., 2009). However, given the heterogeneity of neuropsychological measures used to assess the domains underpinning speed of processing, a diffuse pattern of brain regions has been implicated. The current study aims to investigate the structural neural correlates of speed of processing by assessing cortical volume and speed of processing scores on the POSIT Double Decision task within a healthy older adult population ( = 186; mean age = 71.70 ± 5.32 years). T1-weighted structural images were collected via a 3T Siemens scanner. The current study shows that less cortical thickness in right temporal, posterior frontal, parietal and occipital lobe structures were significantly associated with poorer Double Decision scores. Notably, these include the lateral orbitofrontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior, transverse, and inferior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, superior and inferior parietal gyrus and lateral occipital gyrus. Such findings suggest that speed of processing performance is associated with a wide array of cortical regions that provide unique contributions to performance on the Double Decision task.
加工速度是一个认知领域，它涵盖了个体感知给定刺激、解释信息并做出正确反应的速度。在老龄化人群中，加工速度的下降速度比其他认知领域更快，这表明该领域特别容易受到认知老化的影响（Chee等人，2009年）。然而，鉴于用于评估支撑加工速度的各领域的神经心理学测量方法具有异质性，已涉及到广泛的脑区模式。本研究旨在通过评估健康老年人群（n = 186；平均年龄 = 71.70 ± 5.32岁）在POSIT双决策任务中的皮质体积和加工速度得分，来探究加工速度的结构性神经关联。通过3T西门子扫描仪收集T1加权结构图像。本研究表明，右侧颞叶、额叶后部、顶叶和枕叶结构的皮质厚度变薄与较差的双决策得分显著相关。值得注意的是，这些脑区包括外侧眶额回、中央前回、颞上回、颞横回、颞下回、颞极、脑岛、海马旁回、梭状回、舌回、顶上回和顶下回以及枕外侧回。这些发现表明，加工速度表现与广泛的皮质区域相关，这些区域对双决策任务的表现有独特贡献。
