Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,, Iran.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021;21(8):1476-1484. doi: 10.2174/1871530320666201029142513.
The stamen is a byproduct of saffron (Crocus sativus) flowers. Herein, its cardiovascular effects were evaluated on hypertension induced by angiotensin II (AngII) and NG-nitro-Larginine methyl ester (L-NAME), as well as baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).
Rats were randomly divided into 10 groups: 1) control, 2) AngII (50 ng/kg, i.v.), 3) losartan (10 mg/kg, i.p.) + AngII, 4) L-NAME (10 mg/kg, i.v.), 5) sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (50 mg/kg, i.p.) + L-NAME, 6, 7) saffron stamen extract (SS) (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) + AngII and 8, 9) SS (100 and 200 mg/kg) + L-NAME, and 10) SS (200 mg/kg) + phenylephrine (Phen, i.v.). The treated rats first received two doses of SS, 30 min after the injection of L-NAME, AngII, and Phen in separate groups. The cardiovascular parameters were recorded by the PowerLab apparatus via an angiocatheter inserted into the femoral artery. The maximal changes (Δ) of mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate (HR) in the treated groups were compared with those of the hypertensive and control groups. The changes in MAP and HR induced by Phen were used for BRS evaluation.
The SS extract did not significantly affect the basal cardiovascular parameters. The injection of AngII significantly increased the MAP and SBP (P<0.01-P<0.001) with no significant effect on the HR. The SS extract significantly attenuated the pressor effect induced by AngII (P<0.001). Increased MAP and SBP induced by L-NAME (P<0.001) were also significantly attenuated by the SS extract (P<0.01). The effect of SS extract on L-NAME was significantly higher than that of AngII (P<0.05). Moreover, BRS was significantly improved by the SS extract.
Our findings provide evidence that the SS extract has anti-hypertensive effects that are probably mediated by an inhibitory effect on AngII, increasing nitric oxide production, or improving baroreflex sensitivity.
雄蕊是藏红花（番红花）花的副产品。在此，评估其对血管紧张素 II（AngII）和 NG-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）诱导的高血压以及压力反射敏感性（BRS）的心血管作用。
大鼠随机分为 10 组：1）对照组，2）AngII（50ng/kg，静脉内），3）氯沙坦（10mg/kg，腹腔内）+AngII，4）L-NAME（10mg/kg，静脉内），5）硝普钠（SNP）（50mg/kg，腹腔内）+L-NAME，6，7）藏红花雄蕊提取物（SS）（100 和 200mg/kg，腹腔内）+AngII和 8，9）SS（100 和 200mg/kg）+L-NAME，和 10）SS（200mg/kg）+苯肾上腺素（Phen，静脉内）。接受治疗的大鼠首先接受 SS 两次剂量，在单独的组中，L-NAME、AngII 和 Phen 注射后 30 分钟。通过插入股动脉的血管造影导管，使用 PowerLab 仪器记录心血管参数。与高血压组和对照组相比，比较治疗组中平均动脉压（MAP）、收缩压（SBP）和心率（HR）的最大变化（Δ）。苯肾上腺素诱导的 MAP 和 HR 变化用于 BRS 评估。
SS 提取物对基础心血管参数无明显影响。AngII 的注射显著增加了 MAP 和 SBP（P<0.01-P<0.001），对 HR 没有显著影响。SS 提取物显著减弱了 AngII 诱导的升压作用（P<0.001）。L-NAME 诱导的 MAP 和 SBP 增加（P<0.001）也被 SS 提取物显著减弱（P<0.01）。SS 提取物对 L-NAME 的作用明显高于 AngII（P<0.05）。此外，SS 提取物显著改善了 BRS。
我们的研究结果提供了证据表明，SS 提取物具有抗高血压作用，可能是通过抑制血管紧张素 II、增加一氧化氮产生或改善压力反射敏感性来介导的。
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