Duffens K, Marx J A
Emergency Medical Services, Denver General Hospital, CO 80204-4507.
J Emerg Med. 1987 Sep-Oct;5(5):399-406. doi: 10.1016/0736-4679(87)90146-6.
Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a frequently encountered metabolic disturbance that follows a prolonged intake of ethanol. Following a brief duration of abstinence, patients typically present with vomiting, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath. Examination reveals Kussmaul breathing, variable volume loss, and coincident manifestations of chronic alcohol usage. Characteristic laboratory findings include anion-gap metabolic ketoacidosis, normal serum glucose, and zero ethanol levels. Phosphate measurements may be depressed, particularly after institution of therapy. Intravascular volume restitution, delivery of dextrose, attention to electrolytes, and discovery of alcohol-related illnesses are the mainstays of therapy.
酒精性酮症酸中毒是一种在长期摄入乙醇后经常遇到的代谢紊乱。在短暂戒酒之后，患者通常会出现呕吐、腹痛和呼吸急促。检查发现有库斯莫尔呼吸、不同程度的容量丢失以及慢性酒精使用的相关表现。特征性的实验室检查结果包括阴离子间隙代谢性酮症酸中毒、血糖正常和乙醇水平为零。磷酸盐测量值可能会降低，尤其是在开始治疗后。恢复血管内容量、输注葡萄糖、关注电解质以及发现与酒精相关的疾病是治疗的主要方法。
