Lugović-Mihić Liborija, Aždajić Marija Delaš, Filipović Sanja Kurečić, Bukvić Iva, Prkačin Ivana, Grbić Danijela Štimac, Ličina Mirjana Lana Kosanović
Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Department of dermatology and Venereology, Zagreb, Croatia.
School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Zdr Varst. 2020 Oct 18;59(4):264-272. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2020-0033. eCollection 2020 Dec.
The aim of our study was to examine the scabies incidence in the Croatian population and to analyse potential related factors.
This mixed ecological study is based on a retrospective medical record review. National data from communicable disease reports was sourced and analysed for an 11-year period (2007-2017), with more focus on the period 2014-2017. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate trends. Differences between the groups were studied using Chi-square test and Kendall's tau (τ) correlation coefficient. Levels of significance were set at p<0.05 or p<0.01.
From 2007 to 2017, scabies infestation in Croatia increased by 6-fold, particularly affecting children and young adults (19 years or younger). In the period 2014-2017, border counties which are part of migration flows were the counties with the highest average scabies incidences. A linear trend of increase in the number of tourists, immigrants and scabies infestations was noted on the national level for the analysed period, although a significant association was not observed. Regarding outbreaks of scabies within institutions, more than 80% of outbreaks occurred in institutions for adults. In the capital, Zagreb, the crude incidence rate increased 3-fold between 2014 and 2017.
The increased incidence of scabies, large disparities between counties, and prolonged outbreaks within families due to under-recognition and misdiagnoses points to a need for increased awareness among health practitioners. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recent epidemiologic analysis on this topic, not only in Croatia but within the wider geographic region as well.
我们研究的目的是调查克罗地亚人群中的疥疮发病率，并分析潜在的相关因素。
这项混合生态学研究基于回顾性病历审查。收集并分析了11年期间（2007 - 2017年）传染病报告中的国家数据，更侧重于2014 - 2017年期间。使用描述性统计来计算趋势。使用卡方检验和肯德尔tau（τ）相关系数研究组间差异。显著性水平设定为p<0.05或p<0.01。
2007年至2017年期间，克罗地亚的疥疮感染率增长了6倍，尤其影响儿童和年轻人（19岁及以下）。在2014 - 2017年期间，作为移民流动一部分的边境县是疥疮平均发病率最高的县。在分析期间，在国家层面上注意到游客、移民数量和疥疮感染率呈线性增长趋势，尽管未观察到显著关联。关于机构内的疥疮暴发，超过80%的暴发发生在成人机构。在首都萨格勒布，2014年至2017年期间粗发病率增长了3倍。
疥疮发病率上升、各县之间存在巨大差异以及由于认识不足和误诊导致家庭内暴发持续时间延长，表明需要提高卫生从业人员的意识。据我们所知，这不仅是克罗地亚，也是更广泛地理区域内关于该主题的首次近期流行病学分析。
