Cheng Hung-Wei, Tsao Hsin-Yi, Chiang Chih-Sheng, Chen San-Yuan
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan.
Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40421, Taiwan.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 Jan;10(1):e2001451. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202001451. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Cancer immunotherapy is a cutting-edge strategy that eliminates cancer cells by amplifying the host's immune system. However, the low response rate and risks of inducing systemic toxicity have raised uncertainty in the treatment. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a versatile theranostic tool can be used to target delivery of multiple immunotherapeutics and monitor cell/tissue responses. These capabilities enable the real-time characterization of the factors that contribute to immunoactivity so that future treatments can be optimized. The magnetic properties of MNPs further allow the implementation of magnetic navigation and magnetic hyperthermia for boosting the efficacy of immunotherapy. The multimodal approach opens an avenue to induce robust immune responses, minimize safety issues, and monitor immune activities simultaneously. Thus, the object of this review is to provide an overview of the burgeoning fields and to highlight novel technologies for next-generation immunotherapy. The review further correlates the properties of MNPs with the latest treatment strategies to explore the crosstalk between magnetic nanomaterials and the immune system. This comprehensive review of MNP-derived immunotherapy covers the obstacles and opportunities for future development and clinical translation.
癌症免疫疗法是一种前沿策略，通过增强宿主免疫系统来消除癌细胞。然而，低反应率和诱导全身毒性的风险增加了治疗的不确定性。磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）作为一种多功能的诊疗工具，可用于多种免疫治疗药物的靶向递送，并监测细胞/组织反应。这些能力能够实时表征影响免疫活性的因素，从而优化未来的治疗。MNPs的磁性还允许实施磁导航和磁热疗，以提高免疫治疗的疗效。这种多模态方法为诱导强大的免疫反应、将安全问题降至最低并同时监测免疫活动开辟了一条途径。因此，本综述的目的是概述这些新兴领域，并突出用于下一代免疫治疗的新技术。该综述进一步将MNPs的特性与最新治疗策略相关联，以探索磁性纳米材料与免疫系统之间的相互作用。这篇对基于MNPs的免疫治疗的全面综述涵盖了未来发展和临床转化的障碍与机遇。
