Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Institute of Coaching and Performance, School of Sport and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1181-1195. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02427-6. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
To systematically review studies that examined the influence of the CYP1A2 -163C>A polymorphism on the ergogenic effects of caffeine and to discuss some of the reasons for the discrepancies in findings between the studies.
This review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The search for studies was performed through nine databases.
Seventeen studies were included in the review. Based on the included studies, it seems that individuals with the AA or AC/CC genotype may experience an increase in performance following caffeine ingestion. Significant differences between genotypes were found in four studies, and all four reported a more favorable response in the AA vs. AC/CC genotype. These results suggest that if there is an actual genotype-related effect of acute caffeine supplementation, it might be in that direction. In the studies that reported such data for aerobic endurance, the findings are specific to male participants performing cycling time trials (distances of ≥ 10 km) and ingesting caffeine 60 min before exercise. For high-intensity exercise, two studies reported that genotype variations determined the response to caffeine ingestion, even though the differences were either small (~ 1 additional repetition in high-load resistance exercise set performed to muscular failure) or inconsistent (i.e., observed only in one out of eight performance tests).
CYP1A2 genotype variations may modulate caffeine's ergogenic effects, but the differences between genotypes were small, inconsistent, or limited to specific exercise scenarios. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to fully elucidate this research area.
系统回顾研究 CYP1A2-163C>A 多态性对咖啡因的促效作用的影响，并讨论研究结果存在差异的部分原因。
本综述按照 PRISMA 指南进行。通过九个数据库进行了研究搜索。
共纳入 17 项研究。根据纳入的研究，AA 或 AC/CC 基因型的个体在摄入咖啡因后似乎能提高运动表现。四项研究发现基因型之间存在显著差异，且四项研究均报告 AA 基因型比 AC/CC 基因型的反应更有利。这些结果表明，如果急性咖啡因补充存在实际的基因型相关效应，其可能朝此方向发展。在报告有氧耐力相关数据的研究中，这些发现仅适用于进行自行车计时赛（距离≥10km）且在运动前 60 分钟摄入咖啡因的男性参与者。对于高强度运动，两项研究报告称，基因型变异决定了对咖啡因摄入的反应，尽管差异很小（~在高负荷阻力运动中，多完成一组至力竭的重复次数）或不一致（即仅在八项运动测试中的一项中观察到）。
CYP1A2 基因型变异可能调节咖啡因的促效作用，但基因型之间的差异很小、不一致，或仅限于特定的运动场景。需要更大样本量的未来研究来充分阐明这一研究领域。
