Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St., Bl. 25, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of Internal Non-communicable Diseases, Pathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 10 St. Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797, Sofia, Bulgaria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Mar 1;267:113519. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113519. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Astragalus glycyphyllos L. has been extensively used in Bulgarian folk medicine as an antihypertensive, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, in cases of cardiac insufficiency, renal inflammation, calculosis, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the possible in vitro/in vivo anti-proliferative/anti-tumour activity of a purified saponins' mixture (PSM) obtained from the plant.
Viability and proliferative activity of the Graffi myeloid tumour cells was assessed by MTT test. The morphological alterations were visualized and analysed by fluorescent microscopy after intravital double staining. An in vivo model of Graffi tumour bearing hamsters was used to examine the influence of PSM on transplantability, tumour growth, survival and mortality as well as to observe pathomorphological changes.
Graffi tumour cells were sensitive to purified saponins' mixture after 24 and 48 h treatment. The treatment induced a statistically significant decrease of the viability/proliferation of the Graffi tumour cells. These effects were concentration- and time-dependent. Fluorescent microscopy studies showed that these antiproliferative effects were connected to the induction of apoptosis. The in vivo study showed the presence of a stromal component, single mononuclear cells in the stroma. Multiple incorrect mitotic figures were observed in the tumour tissue from the control group. Well-formed stroma with accumulation of mononuclear cells and mitotic cells were found in the group, treated with PSM. The tumour weight was decreased in the group, treated with PMS.
The results indicate that PSM exhibited in vitro/in vivo antiproliferative/anti-tumour effects.
黄芪已被广泛用于保加利亚民间医学，作为一种降压药、利尿剂、消炎药、抗肿瘤药，用于心脏功能不全、肾炎、结石病等。
评估从植物中提取的纯化皂苷混合物（PSM）的体外/体内抗增殖/抗肿瘤活性。
通过 MTT 试验评估 Graffi 髓样肿瘤细胞的活力和增殖活性。通过活体双重染色后荧光显微镜观察和分析形态学改变。使用携带 Graffi 肿瘤的仓鼠体内模型来检查 PSM 对移植性、肿瘤生长、存活和死亡率的影响，以及观察病理形态变化。
Graffi 肿瘤细胞在 24 和 48 小时处理后对纯化的皂苷混合物敏感。该处理诱导 Graffi 肿瘤细胞活力/增殖的统计学显著下降。这些效果与浓度和时间有关。荧光显微镜研究表明，这些抗增殖作用与诱导细胞凋亡有关。体内研究表明，对照组的肿瘤组织中存在基质成分和单个单核细胞。在接受 PSM 治疗的组中，观察到肿瘤组织中有多个异常有丝分裂。在接受 PSM 治疗的组中，发现形成良好的基质中有单核细胞和有丝分裂细胞的堆积。用 PSM 治疗的组中肿瘤重量降低。
结果表明 PSM 表现出体外/体内抗增殖/抗肿瘤作用。
