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ADARs、RNA 编辑与血液系统恶性肿瘤

ADARs, RNA editing and more in hematological malignancies.

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

出版信息

Leukemia. 2021 Feb;35(2):346-359. doi: 10.1038/s41375-020-01076-2. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Abstract

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing is the most prevalent type of RNA editing in humans, mediated by the adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Physiologically, these enzymes are present in the nucleus and/or the cytoplasm, where they catalyze the conversion of adenosines (A) to inosines (I) on double-stranded mRNA molecules. Aberrant ADAR-mediated-editing is a prominent feature in a variety of cancers. Importantly, the biological functions of ADARs and its functional implications in hematological malignancies have recently been unraveled. In this review, we will highlight the functions of ADARs and their involvements in cancer, specifically in hematological malignancies. RNA editing-independent function of cellular processes by ADARs and the potential of developing novel therapeutic approaches revolving RNA editing will also be discussed.

摘要

腺嘌呤到次黄嘌呤(A-to-I)编辑是人类最普遍的 RNA 编辑类型,由腺嘌呤脱氨酶作用于 RNA(ADARs)介导。在生理上,这些酶存在于细胞核和/或细胞质中,在那里它们催化双链 mRNA 分子上的腺嘌呤(A)转化为次黄嘌呤(I)。异常的 ADAR 介导的编辑是多种癌症的一个显著特征。重要的是,ADAR 的生物学功能及其在血液恶性肿瘤中的功能意义最近已经被揭示。在这篇综述中,我们将强调 ADAR 的功能及其在癌症中的作用,特别是在血液恶性肿瘤中。ADAR 通过 RNA 编辑以外的细胞过程的功能以及围绕 RNA 编辑开发新治疗方法的潜力也将进行讨论。

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