Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Electrochemistry, Corrosion and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.
Oral Dis. 2021 Oct;27(7):1711-1719. doi: 10.1111/odi.13708. Epub 2020 Nov 28.
Sialolithiasis remains a clinical problem with unclear etiopathogenesis, lack of prevention methods, and only surgical treatment.
An ultrastructure examination of submandibular sialoliths obtained from patients with chronic sialolithiasis was conducted using a scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Based on the results, we divided sialoliths into three types: calcified (CAL), organic/lipid (LIP), and mixed (MIX). The core structure of the CAL and MIX is very similar. The core of the LIP has a prevalence of organic components. The intermediate layers' structure of the CAL is different from LIP and MIX. In LIP and MIX, the organic component begins to increase in intermediate layers rapidly. The structure of the superficial layers for all types of sialoliths is similar.
We introduced a new classification of the submandibular salivary gland stones. Based on the results, it can be said that sialoliths type CAL and LIP have their separate path of origin and development, while MIX is formed as CAL stone, and the further pathway of their growth passes as LIP stones. Organic components were much more than inorganic in all layers of salivary gland stones, which highly prevents their dissolution in the patient's salivary gland duct.
唾液腺结石仍然是一个临床问题，其病因发病机制不清楚，缺乏预防方法，只能进行手术治疗。
使用扫描电子显微镜和 X 射线光电子能谱对慢性唾液腺结石患者的下颌下唾液腺结石进行超微结构检查。
根据结果，我们将唾液腺结石分为三种类型：钙化型（CAL）、有机/脂质型（LIP）和混合型（MIX）。CAL 和 MIX 的核心结构非常相似。LIP 的核心有大量有机成分。CAL 的中间层结构与 LIP 和 MIX 不同。在 LIP 和 MIX 中，有机成分在中间层迅速增加。所有类型唾液腺结石的表层结构相似。
我们提出了一种下颌下唾液腺结石的新分类方法。根据结果可以说，CAL 型和 LIP 型唾液腺结石有其独立的起源和发展途径，而 MIX 则是作为 CAL 结石形成的，其进一步的生长途径则是 LIP 结石。在唾液腺结石的所有层中，有机成分都远远多于无机成分，这极大地阻碍了它们在患者唾液腺导管中的溶解。
