Evseev Peter V, Lukianova Anna A, Shneider Mikhail M, Korzhenkov Aleksei A, Bugaeva Eugenia N, Kabanova Anastasia P, Miroshnikov Kirill K, Kulikov Eugene E, Toshchakov Stepan V, Ignatov Alexander N, Miroshnikov Konstantin A
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 31;8(11):1707. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8111707.
Black leg and soft rot are devastating diseases causing up to 50% loss of potential potato yield. The search for, and characterization of, bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) suitable for the control of these diseases is currently a sought-after task for agricultural microbiology. Isolated lytic bacteriophages Q19, PP47 and PP81 possess a similar broad host range but differ in their genomic properties. The genomic features of characterized phages have been described and compared to other bacteriophages. Thorough phylogenetic analysis has clarified the taxonomy of the phages and their positioning relative to other genera of the family. phage Q19 seems to represent a new genus not described previously. The genomes of the phages are generally similar to the genome of phage T7 of the genus but possess a number of specific features. Examination of the structure of the genes and proteins of the phages, including the tail spike protein, underlines the important role of horizontal gene exchange in the evolution of these phages, assisting their adaptation to hosts. The results provide the basis for the development of bacteriophage-based biocontrol of potato soft rot as an alternative to the use of antibiotics.
黑腿病和软腐病是极具破坏性的病害，可导致马铃薯潜在产量损失高达50%。寻找并鉴定适合控制这些病害的细菌病毒（噬菌体），是当前农业微生物学领域一项备受关注的任务。分离得到的裂解性噬菌体Q19、PP47和PP81具有相似的广泛宿主范围，但基因组特性有所不同。已对已鉴定噬菌体的基因组特征进行了描述，并与其他噬菌体进行了比较。全面的系统发育分析明确了噬菌体的分类及其相对于该科其他属的定位。噬菌体Q19似乎代表了一个此前未描述过的新属。这些噬菌体的基因组总体上与该属噬菌体T7的基因组相似，但具有一些特定特征。对噬菌体的基因和蛋白质结构进行研究，包括尾刺蛋白，突显了水平基因交换在这些噬菌体进化中的重要作用，有助于它们适应宿主。这些结果为开发基于噬菌体的马铃薯软腐病生物防治方法提供了基础，可作为抗生素使用的替代方案。
