Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Bio-Medical Center of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 2;21(21):8208. doi: 10.3390/ijms21218208.
Lipid homeostasis is essential for normal cell physiology. Generally, lipids are stored in a lipid droplet (LD), a ubiquitous organelle consisting of a neutral lipid core and a single layer of phospholipid membrane. It is thought that LDs are generated from the endoplasmic reticulum and then released into the cytosol. Recent studies indicate that LDs can exist in the nucleus, where they play an important role in the maintenance of cell phospholipid homeostasis. However, the details of nuclear lipid droplet (nLD) generation have not yet been clearly characterized. SEIPIN is a nonenzymatic protein encoded by the Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 () gene. It is associated with lipodystrophy diseases. Many recent studies have indicated that SEIPIN is essential for LDs generation. Here, we review much of this research in an attempt to explain the role of SEIPIN in nLD generation. From an integrative perspective, we conclude by proposing a theoretical model to explain how SEIPIN might participate in maintaining homeostasis of lipid metabolism.
脂质稳态对于正常的细胞生理学至关重要。通常，脂质储存在脂质滴（LD）中，LD 是一种普遍存在的细胞器，由中性脂质核心和单层磷脂膜组成。人们认为 LD 是从内质网产生的，然后释放到细胞质中。最近的研究表明，LD 可以存在于核内，在那里它们在维持细胞磷脂稳态方面发挥着重要作用。然而，核脂质滴（nLD）的产生细节尚未得到明确描述。SEIPIN 是由伯纳德-塞皮先天性脂肪营养不良 2 型（BSCL2）基因编码的非酶蛋白。它与脂肪营养不良疾病有关。许多最近的研究表明，SEIPIN 对于 LD 的产生是必不可少的。在这里，我们回顾了大量的研究，试图解释 SEIPIN 在 nLD 产生中的作用。从综合的角度来看，我们通过提出一个理论模型来解释 SEIPIN 如何参与维持脂质代谢的平衡。
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