Department of Medical Sciences, University of Madison-Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA (Smith); Division of Clinical Neurology Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (Guevar).
Can Vet J. 2020 Nov;61(11):1162-1169.
Spinal subarachnoid diverticula are fluid dilations of the subarachnoid space that can cause a compressive myelopathy in dogs. These diverticula are usually associated with high motion areas in the cervical and caudal thoracic spine. The definitive etiopathogenesis has not been determined but likely involves congenital or acquired causes. Pugs, French bulldogs, and Rottweilers are overrepresented breeds. Clinical signs typically include ataxia, paresis, and upper motor neuron urinary and/or fecal incontinence; pain is a less common feature. Diagnosis is based on advanced imaging, with magnetic resonance imaging now being favored given the additional detail of the spinal cord parenchyma that can be obtained. Outcomes are better with surgical intervention than with medical therapies, though there is a lack of long-term data. No superior surgical technique has been identified, and questions remain on the significance of addressing leptomeningeal adhesions at the time of surgery. Clinical signs can recur, though not always due to recurrence of diverticulum formation, and pugs may be less likely to have a successful long-term outcome.
脊髓蛛网膜下腔憩室是蛛网膜下腔的液体积聚，可导致犬的压迫性脊髓病。这些憩室通常与颈椎和胸腰椎的高活动区域有关。确切的病因尚未确定，但可能涉及先天性或后天性原因。哈巴狗、法国斗牛犬和罗威纳犬是较为常见的品种。临床症状通常包括共济失调、瘫痪和上运动神经元性尿失禁和/或粪失禁；疼痛是较少见的特征。诊断基于先进的影像学检查，由于可以获得脊髓实质的更多细节，现在更倾向于使用磁共振成像。与药物治疗相比，手术干预的预后更好，但长期数据缺乏。尚未确定哪种手术技术更优越，并且对于手术时是否需要解决脑膜粘连的意义仍存在疑问。临床症状可能会复发，但并不总是由于憩室形成的复发，而且哈巴狗的长期预后成功的可能性较低。
