Hajure Mohammedamin, Tariku Mandaras, Mohammedhussein Mustefa, Dule Aman
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Oct 28;16:2511-2518. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S281995. eCollection 2020.
COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on the mental health condition of the world's population. Although the direct effect of COVID-19 on the mental health status of chronic medical patients is well understood, the burden of depression and anxiety on patients with chronic medical conditions is not well studied yet. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among chronic medical patients amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Mettu Karl Referral Hospital, Mettu, Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to July 30, 2020 among chronic medical patients in Mettu Karl Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Consecutive sampling technique was applied with a total of 423 samples. Quantitative data were employed by using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistical procedures, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions with odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed. The statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05.
The findings showed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety among chronic medical patients was 55.7% and 61.8%, respectively. Female gender (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI (1.06, 2.59)), poor social support (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI (1.10, 3.42)), widowed/divorced (AOR = 3.92, 95% CI (1.59, 9.64)), separated (AOR = 3.66, 95% CI (1.64, 8.19)), and longer duration of illness (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI (1.15, 2.89)) were significantly associated with depression, whereas earlier age at onset of illness, having more than three co-morbid diagnoses, tobacco use and poor social support were found to have significant association with anxiety among chronic medical patients amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia.
The magnitude of concurrent depression and anxiety in the current study was high. Strategies for prompt identification and treatment of depression and anxiety should be developed among medically ill patients.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）对全球人口的心理健康状况产生了毁灭性影响。虽然COVID-19对慢性疾病患者心理健康状况的直接影响已为人熟知，但抑郁症和焦虑症对慢性疾病患者的负担尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚梅图卡尔转诊医院在COVID-19大流行期间慢性疾病患者中抑郁症、焦虑症的患病率及相关因素。
2020年6月1日至7月30日在埃塞俄比亚梅图卡尔转诊医院对慢性疾病患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用连续抽样技术，共抽取423个样本。通过结构化问卷收集定量数据。采用描述性统计方法、二元和多元逻辑回归分析，并计算比值比和95%置信区间（CI）。p值<0.05时具有统计学意义。
研究结果显示，慢性疾病患者中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率分别为55.7%和61.8%。女性（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.66，95%CI[1.06,2.59]）、社会支持差（AOR=1.94，95%CI[1.10,3.42]）、丧偶/离异（AOR=3.92，95%CI[1.59,9.64]）、分居（AOR=3.66，95%CI[1.64,8.19]）以及病程较长（AOR=1.82，95%CI[1.15,2.89]）与抑郁症显著相关，而发病年龄较早、有三种以上合并诊断、吸烟以及社会支持差被发现与埃塞俄比亚COVID-19大流行期间慢性疾病患者的焦虑症显著相关。
本研究中抑郁症和焦虑症并发的程度较高。应针对患病患者制定及时识别和治疗抑郁症及焦虑症的策略。
