Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, United States; Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, United States.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder CO, United States; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2021 Feb;67:7-14. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.010. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Functional genomics remains a foundational field for establishing genotype-phenotype relationships that enable strain engineering. High-throughput (HTP) methods accelerate the Design-Build-Test-Learn cycle that currently drives synthetic biology towards a forward engineering future. Trackable mutagenesis techniques including transposon insertion sequencing and CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing allow for rapid fitness profiling of a collection, or library, of mutants to discover beneficial mutations. Due to the relative speed of these experiments compared to adaptive evolution experiments, iterative rounds of mutagenesis can be implemented for next-generation metabolic engineering efforts to design complex production and tolerance phenotypes. Additionally, the expansion of these mutagenesis techniques to novel bacteria are opening up industrial microbes that show promise for establishing a bio-based economy.
功能基因组学仍然是建立基因型-表型关系的基础领域，这种关系使菌株工程成为可能。高通量（HTP）方法加速了设计-构建-测试-学习循环，目前推动着合成生物学朝着正向工程的未来发展。可追踪的诱变技术，包括转座子插入测序和 CRISPR-Cas 介导的基因组编辑，允许对一组或文库中的突变体进行快速适应性分析，以发现有益的突变。由于这些实验相对于适应性进化实验的相对速度，下一代代谢工程的努力可以进行迭代诱变，以设计复杂的生产和耐受表型。此外，这些诱变技术向新型细菌的扩展为建立生物基经济的有前途的工业微生物开辟了道路。
