Toledano-Toledano Filiberto, Moral de la Rubia José, Nabors Laura A, Domínguez-Guedea Miriam Teresa, Salinas Escudero Guillermo, Rocha Pérez Eduardo, Luna David, Leyva López Ahidée
Evidence-Based Medicine Research Unit, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, National Institute of Health, Márquez 162, Doctores, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Carlos Canseco, 110, Esq. Aguirre Pequeño, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico.
Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Nov 3;8(4):456. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040456.
Quality of life (QOL) is a key aspect of the health care process for children with chronic diseases and their families. Although clinical evidence regarding the impact of chronic disease on children exists, few studies have evaluated the effects of the interaction between sociodemographic and psychosocial factors on the family caregiver's QOL, indicating a significant gap in the research literature. The present study aimed to identify the predictors of the QOL of parents of children with chronic diseases. Three parental sociodemographic predictors (age, schooling, and family income) and four psychosocial predictors (family functioning, social support, depression, and resilience) were examined. In this cross-sectional study, 416 parents of children with chronic diseases who were hospitalized at a National Institute of Health in Mexico City were interviewed. The participants completed a sociodemographic variables questionnaire (Q-SV) designed for research on family caregivers of children with chronic disease. The predicted variable was assessed through the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire. The four psychosocial predictors were assessed through the Family Functioning Scale, Social Support Networks Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Measurement Scale of Resilience. The regression model explained 42% of the variance in parents' QOL. The predictors with positive weights included age, schooling, monthly family income, family functioning, social support networks, and parental resilience. The predictors with negative weights included depression. These findings suggest that strong social relationships, a positive family environment, family cohesion, personal resilience, low levels of depression, and a family income twice the minimum wage are variables associated with better parental QOL.
生活质量（QOL）是慢性病患儿及其家庭医疗保健过程的一个关键方面。尽管存在关于慢性病对儿童影响的临床证据，但很少有研究评估社会人口学因素与心理社会因素之间的相互作用对家庭照顾者生活质量的影响，这表明研究文献中存在重大空白。本研究旨在确定慢性病患儿父母生活质量的预测因素。研究考察了三个父母社会人口学预测因素（年龄、受教育程度和家庭收入）以及四个心理社会预测因素（家庭功能、社会支持、抑郁和心理韧性）。在这项横断面研究中，对在墨西哥城一家国立卫生研究院住院的416名慢性病患儿的父母进行了访谈。参与者完成了一份为研究慢性病患儿家庭照顾者而设计的社会人口学变量问卷（Q-SV）。通过世界卫生组织生活质量问卷对预测变量进行评估。通过家庭功能量表、社会支持网络量表、贝克抑郁量表和心理韧性测量量表对四个心理社会预测因素进行评估。回归模型解释了父母生活质量变异的42%。具有正权重的预测因素包括年龄、受教育程度、家庭月收入、家庭功能、社会支持网络和父母心理韧性。具有负权重的预测因素包括抑郁。这些发现表明，牢固的社会关系、积极的家庭环境、家庭凝聚力、个人心理韧性、低水平抑郁以及家庭收入是最低工资的两倍，这些变量与父母更好的生活质量相关。
