State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 5;10(1):19175. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76210-2.
Tilletia controversa Kühn (TCK) is the causal agent of dwarf bunt of wheat, a destructive disease in wheat-growing regions of the world. The role of Meja, SA and Meja + SA were characterized for their control of TCK into roots, coleoptiles and anthers. The response of the defence genes PR-10a, Catalase, COI1-1, COII-2 and HRin1 was upregulated by Meja, SA and Meja + SA treatments, but Meja induced high level of expression compared to SA and Meja + SA at 1, 2, and 3 weeks in roots and coleoptiles, respectively. The severity of TCK effects in roots was greater at 1 week, but it decreased at 2 weeks in all treatments. We also investigated TCK hyphae proliferation into coleoptiles at 3 weeks and into anthers to determine whether hyphae move from the roots to the upper parts of the plants. The results showed that no hyphae were present in the coleoptiles and anthers of Meja-, SA- and Meja + SA-treated plants, while the hyphae were located on epidermal and sub-epidermal cells of anthers. In addition, the severity of hyphae increased with the passage of time as anthers matured. Bunted seeds were observed in the non-treated inoculated plants, while no disease symptoms were observed in the resistance of inducer treatments and control plants. Plant height was reduced after TCK infection compared to that of the treated inoculated and non-inoculated treatments. Together, these results suggested that Meja and SA display a distinct role in activation of defence genes in the roots and coleoptiles and that they eliminate the fungal pathogen movement to upper parts of the plants with the passage of time as the anthers mature.
争议麦角（TCK）是小麦矮腥黑粉病的致病因子，是世界范围内小麦种植区的一种破坏性疾病。本研究旨在研究 Meja、SA 和 Meja+SA 对 TCK 进入小麦根、幼芽和花药的控制作用。防御基因 PR-10a、过氧化氢酶、COI1-1、COII-2 和 HRin1 的表达水平在 Meja、SA 和 Meja+SA 处理下均上调，但 Meja 诱导的表达水平在根和幼芽中分别在第 1、2 和 3 周时均显著高于 SA 和 Meja+SA。在第 1 周时，TCK 对根的影响更为严重，但在所有处理中，在第 2 周时，其影响程度降低。我们还研究了 TCK 菌丝在第 3 周向幼芽以及向花药中的增殖，以确定菌丝是否从根部移动到植物的上部。结果表明，在 Meja、SA 和 Meja+SA 处理的植物幼芽和花药中均未发现菌丝，而菌丝位于花药的表皮和表皮细胞中。此外，随着花药的成熟，菌丝的严重程度也随之增加。在未处理的接种植物中观察到了受感染的矮化种子，而在诱导剂处理和对照植物中未观察到发病症状。与接种处理和非接种处理相比，在 TCK 感染后植物高度降低。综上所述，这些结果表明 Meja 和 SA 在根和幼芽中防御基因的激活中发挥了独特的作用，并且随着花药的成熟，它们可以消除真菌病原体向植物上部的移动。
