University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, United States.
University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, United States.
Vaccine. 2020 Nov 25;38(50):8040-8048. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.076. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
It is unclear how broadly aware parents are of the concept of herd immunity and whether parents consider community benefits of vaccination when making decisions about their child's vaccinations. We aimed to determine whether educating parents about community-level benefits of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination and local vaccination rates would impact concern about their child's risk of measles and risk of a measles outbreak. We conducted an electronic survey among Minnesota parents of children aged 6-18 years in August 2016. We assessed baseline knowledge of herd immunity, asked participants to estimate MMR vaccination coverage in their county, and asked participants to estimate the minimum coverage needed to prevent measles outbreaks. We then delivered a short, educational intervention via the survey to inform participants about the benefits of herd immunity, the actual MMR vaccination coverage in their county, and that at least 95% MMR vaccination coverage is needed to prevent measles outbreaks. Pre- and post-intervention, participants were asked to report how concerned they were that their child might get measles. We used logistic regression models to assess factors associated with awareness of herd immunity, change in concern about one's child's measles risk, and overall concern for a measles outbreak. Among 493 participants, 67.8% were aware of herd immunity at baseline. Post-intervention, 40.2% (n = 198) of parents learned that MMR vaccination rates in their county were higher than they expected. All participants found out that their county MMR rates were lower than the measles herd immunity threshold of 95%. Overall, 27.0% (n = 133) of participants reported an increase in concern that their child might get measles after learning about local vaccination coverage and the coverage needed to achieve herd immunity. We found that our short, educational intervention aimed to increase awareness about herd immunity and local vaccination led to an increase in concern about disease risk among less than a third of parents.
目前尚不清楚父母对群体免疫概念的了解程度有多广泛，也不清楚父母在决定孩子接种疫苗时是否会考虑到疫苗接种给社区带来的好处。我们旨在确定向父母传授麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗接种和当地接种率的社区效益是否会影响他们对孩子患麻疹风险和麻疹爆发风险的关注。我们于 2016 年 8 月在明尼苏达州对 6-18 岁儿童的父母进行了一项电子调查。我们评估了他们对群体免疫的基本知识，让参与者估计他们所在县的 MMR 疫苗接种率，并让参与者估计预防麻疹爆发所需的最低接种率。然后，我们通过调查提供了一个简短的教育干预措施，让参与者了解群体免疫的好处、他们所在县的实际 MMR 疫苗接种率以及至少需要 95%的 MMR 疫苗接种率才能预防麻疹爆发。在干预前后，参与者被要求报告他们对孩子可能患麻疹的担忧程度。我们使用逻辑回归模型来评估与群体免疫意识、对孩子患麻疹风险的担忧变化以及对麻疹爆发的整体担忧相关的因素。在 493 名参与者中，有 67.8%的人在基线时了解群体免疫。干预后，有 40.2%（n=198）的父母了解到他们所在县的 MMR 疫苗接种率高于他们的预期。所有参与者都发现他们所在县的 MMR 率低于麻疹群体免疫阈值 95%。总体而言，在了解当地疫苗接种率和实现群体免疫所需的覆盖率后，有 27.0%（n=133）的参与者报告对孩子患麻疹的担忧增加。我们发现，我们的短期教育干预旨在提高对群体免疫的认识，而关于当地疫苗接种的干预措施导致不到三分之一的父母对疾病风险的担忧增加。
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