资源匮乏国家眼外伤的流行病学及视力预后
Epidemiology and visual outcomes of ocular injuries in a low resource country.
作者信息
Abu Emmanuel K, Ocansey Stephen, Gyamfi Jennifer A, Ntodie Michael, Morny Enyam Ka
机构信息
Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana.
Optometry and Vision Science Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2020 Jun;20(2):779-788. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v20i2.31.
BACKGROUND
Ocular injury is a major cause of ocular morbidity and unilateral visual impairment and represents a considerable public health concern especially in low resource societies.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the epidemiology and visual outcomes of ocular injuries in southern Ghana.
METHODS
A retrospective hospital-based case series was conducted. Information on new cases of ocular injuries were retrieved and parameters including time between injury occurrence and reporting to the clinic, presenting visual acuity (VA), and the best corrected final VA were investigated and visual outcomes were assessed Results: Most (50.2%) of the patients reported to the hospital after a day of sustaining an ocular injury; workplace injuries, older patients and farm-related injuries were most likely to report after a day of sustaining an injury. A significant proportion (40.4%) of patients reported with good presenting vision (6/6-6/18) which increased to 56.7% after treatment; 45.3% of patients reported with visual impairment (<6/18) and reduced to 42.4% after treatment. Farming (AOR = 4.5, p = 0.02), reporting after a day of sustaining injury (AOR = 78, p< 0.001), workplace injuries (AOR = 3.1, p = 0.007) and roadside injuries (AOR = 3.1, p = 0.02) were associated with poor visual outcomes. Initial VA 6/18 or better was the highest predictor of good visual outcome.
CONCLUSION
There is a shift in the pattern of ocular injury occurrence from work-related to home- related.
背景
眼外伤是导致眼部发病和单眼视力损害的主要原因，尤其在资源匮乏的社会中，是一个相当严重的公共卫生问题。
目的
评估加纳南部眼外伤的流行病学情况及视力预后。
方法
开展一项基于医院的回顾性病例系列研究。收集眼外伤新病例的信息，调查包括受伤至到诊所就诊的时间、就诊时视力（VA）以及最终最佳矫正视力等参数，并评估视力预后。结果：大多数（50.2%）患者在眼外伤一天后到医院就诊；工作场所受伤、老年患者以及与农业相关的损伤最有可能在受伤一天后就诊。相当一部分（40.4%）患者就诊时视力良好（6/6 - 6/18），治疗后这一比例增至56.7%；45.3%的患者就诊时存在视力损害（<6/18），治疗后降至42.4%。务农（比值比[AOR]=4.5，p = 0.02）、受伤一天后就诊（AOR = 78，p<0.001）、工作场所受伤（AOR = 3.1，p = 0.007）以及路边受伤（AOR = 3.1，p = 0.02）与视力预后不良相关。初始视力6/18或更好是视力预后良好的最强预测因素。
结论
眼外伤的发生模式正从与工作相关转向与家庭相关。
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