Belmonte-Grau Marta, Garrido-Ceca Guadalupe, Marticorena-Álvarez Paula
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Medicine University, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2021 Sep 18;14(9):1327-1333. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2021.09.06. eCollection 2021.
To describe epidemiological aspects, clinical findings, and visual results in eye trauma patients requiring urgent surgery at a tertiary hospital.
Retrospective review of adult patients requiring urgent surgery for trauma to the eyeball from January 2010 and April 2020. Data was collected relative to age, gender, mechanism of the injury, type of wound, initial and final visual acuity, number and type of surgeries carried out. Injuries were classed according to the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT) and the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) categories.
The survey included 92 eyes. Mean age was 54.76±22.18y. The most frequent cause was domestic accidents (44.6%), followed by aggression (22.80%) and occupational accidents (17.4%). Trauma from aggression was more frequent in men (=0.006) and accidents in the home more common in women (=0.011). Patients over 65y presented an odds ratio (OR) of 10.71 for suffering a domestic accident. Patients between 15-45 and 46-65y were at higher risk of trauma from aggression (OR=17.52 and OR=10.94, respectively). As for the type of injury, 63.04% were open-globe lesions, Zone II being the most frequently affected (27.2%). In Logistic regression analysis, old age (=0.05) and retinal involvement (=0.001) were found to be associated with higher rate of unfavourable visual outcome.
The epidemiological aspects of eye trauma are highly dependent on the area of population studied. Domestic accidents are more relevant than workplace accidents in older urban areas with high socio-economic status. A better knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics is useful for implementing specific prevention measures and appropriate treatment strategies.
描述在一家三级医院中需要紧急手术的眼外伤患者的流行病学特征、临床发现及视力结果。
回顾性分析2010年1月至2020年4月因眼球外伤需要紧急手术的成年患者。收集有关年龄、性别、损伤机制、伤口类型、初始和最终视力、所进行手术的数量和类型的数据。损伤根据伯明翰眼外伤术语（BETT）和眼外伤评分（OTS）类别进行分类。
该调查包括92只眼。平均年龄为54.76±22.18岁。最常见的原因是家庭事故（44.6%），其次是攻击伤（22.80%）和职业事故（17.4%）。攻击伤在男性中更常见（P=0.006），家庭事故在女性中更常见（P=0.011）。65岁以上的患者发生家庭事故的优势比（OR）为10.71。15 - 45岁和46 - 65岁的患者遭受攻击伤的风险更高（OR分别为17.52和10.94）。至于损伤类型，63.04%为开放性眼球损伤，II区是最常受影响的区域（27.2%）。在逻辑回归分析中，发现年龄较大（P=0.05）和视网膜受累（P=0.001）与不良视力结果的发生率较高有关。
眼外伤的流行病学特征高度依赖于所研究的人群区域。在社会经济地位较高的城市老城区，家庭事故比工作场所事故更常见。更好地了解流行病学特征有助于实施具体的预防措施和适当的治疗策略。
