Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, MH, India.
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2022 Oct;20(10):1299-1308. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1836961. Epub 2020 Nov 8.
COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a global emergency by the World Health Organization which has mounted global pressure on the healthcare system. The design and development of rapid tests for the precise and early detection of infection are urgently needed to detect the disease and also for bulk screening of infected persons. The traditional drugs moderately control the symptoms, but so far, no specific drug has been discovered. The prime concern is to device novel tools for rapid and precise diagnosis, drug delivery, and effective therapies for coronavirus. In this context, nanotechnology offers novel ways to fight against COVID-19.
This review includes the use of nanomaterials for the control of COVID-19. The tools for diagnosis of coronavirus, nano-based vaccines, and nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for the treatment of virus infection have been discussed. The toxicity issues related to nanoparticles have also been addressed.
The research on nanotechnology-based diagnosis, drug delivery, and antiviral therapies is at a preliminary stage. The antiviral nanomedicine therapies are cost-effective and with high quality. Nanoparticles are a promising tool for prevention, diagnosis, antiviral drug delivery, and therapeutics, which may open up new avenues in the treatment of COVID-19.
世界卫生组织宣布 COVID-19 大流行是全球紧急情况，这给医疗保健系统带来了全球压力。迫切需要设计和开发快速检测方法，以精确和早期检测感染，从而检测疾病并对感染者进行大规模筛查。传统药物只能适度控制症状，但迄今为止，尚未发现特定药物。当务之急是开发用于快速准确诊断、药物输送以及针对冠状病毒的有效治疗的新型工具。在这种情况下，纳米技术为对抗 COVID-19 提供了新途径。
本文综述了纳米材料在控制 COVID-19 方面的应用。讨论了用于冠状病毒诊断的工具、基于纳米的疫苗以及作为病毒感染治疗药物输送系统的纳米粒子。还涉及了与纳米粒子相关的毒性问题。
基于纳米技术的诊断、药物输送和抗病毒疗法的研究仍处于初步阶段。抗病毒纳米医学疗法具有成本效益和高质量。纳米粒子是预防、诊断、抗病毒药物输送和治疗的有前途的工具，这可能为 COVID-19 的治疗开辟新途径。
