School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2021 Jan;55(1):46-53. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101772. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Describe the self-reported prevalence and nature of Olympic-career injury and general health and current residual symptoms in a self-selected sample of retired Olympians.
3357 retired Olympians from 131 countries completed a cross-sectional online survey, distributed by direct email through World Olympians Association and National Olympian Associations databases. The survey captured Olympic sport exposure, significant training and competition injury history (lasting 1 month), general health (eg, depression) during the athlete's career, and current musculoskeletal pain and functional limitations.
55% were men (44% women, 1% unknown), representing 57 sports (42 Summer, 15 Winter), aged 44.7 years (range 16-97). A total of 3746 injuries were self-reported by 2116 Olympians. This equated, 63.0% (women 68.1%, men 59.2%) reporting at least one significant injury during their Olympic career. Injury prevalence was highest in handball (82.2%) and lowest in shooting (40.0%) for Summer Olympians; and highest in alpine skiing (82.4%) and lowest in biathlon (40.0%) for Winter Olympians. The knee was the most frequently injured anatomical region (20.6%, 120 median days severity), followed by the lumbar spine (13.1%, 100 days) and shoulder/clavicle (12.9%, 92 days). 6.6% of Olympians said they had experienced depression during their career. One-third of retired Olympians reported current pain (32.4%) and functional limitations (35.9%).
Almost two-thirds of Olympians who completed the survey reported at least one Olympic-career significant injury. The knee, lumbar spine and shoulder/clavicle were the most commonly injured anatomical locations. One-third of this sample of Olympians attributed current pain and functional limitations to Olympic-career injury.
描述自我选择的退役奥运选手样本中，与奥运生涯相关的伤病和一般健康状况以及当前残留症状的自报告患病率和性质。
来自 131 个国家的 3357 名退役奥运选手通过世界奥运选手协会和国家奥运选手协会数据库，通过直接电子邮件完成了一项横断面在线调查。该调查记录了奥运项目的暴露情况、重大训练和比赛损伤史（持续 1 个月）、运动员生涯中的一般健康状况（如抑郁）以及当前的肌肉骨骼疼痛和功能限制。
55%为男性（44%为女性，1%未知），代表 57 项运动（42 项夏季运动，15 项冬季运动），年龄为 44.7 岁（范围 16-97 岁）。共有 2116 名奥运选手自我报告了 3746 次损伤。这相当于，63.0%（女性 68.1%，男性 59.2%）报告在奥运生涯中至少经历过一次重大损伤。在夏季奥运选手方面，手球的受伤率最高（82.2%），射击的受伤率最低（40.0%）；在冬季奥运选手方面，高山滑雪的受伤率最高（82.4%），冬季两项的受伤率最低（40.0%）。受伤最常见的解剖部位是膝关节（20.6%，120 天严重程度中位数），其次是腰椎（13.1%，100 天）和肩部/锁骨（12.9%，92 天）。6.6%的奥运选手表示在运动生涯中曾经历过抑郁。三分之一的退役奥运选手报告称目前存在疼痛（32.4%）和功能限制（35.9%）。
完成调查的奥运选手中，近三分之二报告至少经历过一次与奥运生涯相关的重大损伤。膝关节、腰椎和肩部/锁骨是最常见的受伤部位。该样本中三分之一的奥运选手将当前的疼痛和功能限制归因于奥运生涯中的损伤。
