Hu Ke, Schneider Christian, Hutchinson Mark R, Ergen Emin, Geistlinger Michael, Killoughery Iain, Braumann Klaus-Michael, Lazzoli José Kawazoe, Seto Jane, Bigard Xavier, Debruyne André, Jegier Anna, Papadopoulou Theodora, Manonelles Pedro, Arroyo Francisco, Ghrairi Mourad, Cintrón Ana V, Zupet Petra, Leitão Marcelo Bichels, Kayikci Umutcan, Kopile Daniel Arkader, Pigozzi Fabio, Fossati Chiara, Di Gianfrancesco Alessia, Di Luigi Luigi, Stafrace Kirill Micallef, Ionescu Anca, Wolfarth Bernd, Ergün Metin, Roberts William O, Natsis Konstantinos, Tooth Camille, Rozenštoka Sandra, Casajús José Antonio, Muniz-Pardos Borja, Nahon Roberto Lohn, Shroff Malav, Xie Minhao, Constantinou Demitri, van Rensburg Dina CJanse, Ülkar Bülent, Jowett Andrew, Badtieva Victoriya, Kaux Jean-François, Baumgartl Peter, Papaellina Clea Hadjistephanou, Steinacker Jürgen, Motta-Pensabene Julio, Reer Rüdiger, Bachl Norbert, Migliorini Sergio, Zahar Maher, Stuart Mark, Bilzon James, Massazza Giuseppe, Di Pietro Bruno, Hassan Khaled Massoud, Drummond Felix Albuquerque, Fincoeur Bertrand, Petróczi Andrea, Pitsiladis Yannis
Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Orthopaedic Centre Theresie, Munich, Germany.
Sports Med. 2025 Jun 16. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02258-7.
In the pursuit of sporting success, some elite athletes prioritise peak performance over long-term health, frequently resulting in significant and enduring health consequences. The Enhanced Games (TEG) position themselves as a bold experiment in transhumanism, advocating for the use of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), including methods banned by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), to push the boundaries of human athletic potential.
The aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of sport physicians, sport scientists, physiotherapists and other allied healthcare professionals on treating and supporting "enhanced athletes", with the view of informing future guidelines.
Participants were invited via email and personal contacts within sport medicine communities to complete a brief anonymous survey via QuestionPro™. Descriptive statistics were performed using Excel™ and RStudio™.
A total of 323 healthcare professionals responded (82% were sport physicians), among whom 74% expressed a willingness to treat acute lesions and/or chronic diseases in "enhanced athletes". In comparison, a considerable minority (30%) expressed support for assisting athletes in their use of PEDs and methods under medically supervised conditions, with high consistency across professional roles. A relatively high readiness was observed in sport physicians treating acute (77% versus 58%; p < 0.01) and chronic (75% versus 63%; p = 0.11) diseases for "enhanced athletes". As far as WADA rules and/or national anti-doping laws apply, this support presupposes compliance with the code and the respective national laws to protect physicians from serious professional, legal and personal consequences.
The preliminary findings align with the broader goal of fostering a sport culture that values both peak performance and the short- and long-term health of all participants. These results emphasise the necessity of implementing professional guidelines and comprehensive support systems designed to safeguard the long-term well-being of all athletes and underscore the urgent need for further research into the impact of TEG on sport and its community.
在追求体育成功的过程中，一些精英运动员将巅峰表现置于长期健康之上，常常导致重大且持久的健康后果。强化运动会（TEG）将自己定位为超人类主义的大胆试验，倡导使用提高成绩的药物（PEDs），包括世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）禁止的方法，以突破人类运动潜力的界限。
本研究旨在探讨运动医生、运动科学家、物理治疗师和其他相关医疗保健专业人员在治疗和支持“强化运动员”方面的观点，以期为未来的指导方针提供信息。
通过电子邮件和运动医学社区内的个人联系邀请参与者通过QuestionPro™完成一份简短的匿名调查问卷。使用Excel™和RStudio™进行描述性统计。
共有323名医疗保健专业人员做出回应（82%为运动医生），其中74%表示愿意治疗“强化运动员”的急性损伤和/或慢性疾病。相比之下，相当少数（30%）表示支持在医学监督条件下协助运动员使用PEDs和方法，各专业角色的意见高度一致。在治疗“强化运动员”的急性（77%对58%；p＜0.01）和慢性（75%对63%；p = 0.11）疾病方面，运动医生表现出相对较高的意愿。就适用WADA规则和/或国家反兴奋剂法律而言，这种支持以遵守相关准则和各自国家法律为前提，以保护医生免受严重专业、法律和个人后果。
初步研究结果与培养重视巅峰表现以及所有参与者短期和长期健康的体育文化这一更广泛目标相一致。这些结果强调了实施旨在保障所有运动员长期福祉的专业指导方针和综合支持系统的必要性，并突出了迫切需要进一步研究TEG对体育及其社区的影响。
