健康猫和患有慢性龈口炎的猫口腔黏膜中大麻素和大麻素相关受体的表达。
Expression of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the oral mucosa of healthy cats and cats with chronic gingivostomatitis.
机构信息
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Companion Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
出版信息
J Feline Med Surg. 2021 Aug;23(8):679-691. doi: 10.1177/1098612X20970510. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
OBJECTIVES
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is an oral disease. Cats with FCGS experience intense oral pain. Some cats remain refractory to current therapies based on dental extraction and adjuvant medical treatment; it is therefore necessary to investigate alternative therapeutic targets involved in inflammatory mechanisms and pain, namely the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The present study investigated the expression of cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), and cannabinoid-related receptors G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and serotonin 1a receptor (5-HT1aR), in the oral mucosa of healthy cats to determine whether there was altered expression and distribution in cats with FCGS.
METHODS
Samples of caudal oral mucosa were collected from eight control cats (CTRL cats) and from eight cats with FCGS (FCGS cats). Tissue samples were processed using an immunofluorescence assay with cat-specific antibodies, and the immunolabelling of the receptors studied was semiquantitatively evaluated.
RESULTS
The mucosal epithelium of the CTRL cats showed CB1R, TRPA1 and 5-HT1aR immunoreactivity (IR), while CB2R and GPR55 IR were generally not expressed. In the CTRL cats, the subepithelial inflammatory cells expressed CB2R, GPR55 and 5-HT1aR IR. In the FCGS cats, all the receptors studied were markedly upregulated in the epithelium and inflammatory infiltrate.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors are widely expressed in the oral mucosa of healthy cats and are upregulated during the course of FCGS. The presence of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in healthy tissues suggests the possible role of the ECS in the homeostasis of the feline oral mucosa, while their overexpression in the inflamed tissues of FCGS cats suggests the involvement of the ECS in the pathogenesis of this disease, with a possible role in the related inflammation and pain. Based on the present findings, ECS could be considered a potential therapeutic target for patients with FCGS.
目的
猫慢性龈口炎（FCGS）是一种口腔疾病。患有 FCGS 的猫会经历强烈的口腔疼痛。一些猫对基于拔牙和辅助药物治疗的当前疗法仍然没有反应；因此，有必要研究涉及炎症机制和疼痛的替代治疗靶点，即内源性大麻素系统（ECS）。本研究调查了大麻素受体 1（CB1R）和 2（CB2R）以及大麻素相关受体 G 蛋白偶联受体 55（GPR55）、瞬时受体电位锚蛋白 1（TRPA1）和 5-羟色胺 1a 受体（5-HT1aR）在健康猫口腔黏膜中的表达，以确定 FCGS 猫中是否存在表达和分布改变。
方法
从 8 只对照猫（CTRL 猫）和 8 只 FCGS 猫中收集尾侧口腔黏膜样本。使用针对猫的特异性抗体进行免疫荧光检测，对研究的受体的免疫标记进行半定量评估。
结果
CTRL 猫的黏膜上皮显示 CB1R、TRPA1 和 5-HT1aR 免疫反应性（IR），而 CB2R 和 GPR55 IR 通常不表达。在 CTRL 猫中，上皮下炎症细胞表达 CB2R、GPR55 和 5-HT1aR IR。在 FCGS 猫中，所有研究的受体在上皮和炎症浸润中均明显上调。
结论和相关性
大麻素和大麻素相关受体在健康猫的口腔黏膜中广泛表达，并在 FCGS 过程中上调。在健康组织中存在大麻素和大麻素相关受体表明 ECS 可能在猫口腔黏膜的稳态中发挥作用，而在 FCGS 猫的炎症组织中过度表达表明 ECS 可能参与该疾病的发病机制，并可能与相关炎症和疼痛有关。基于目前的发现，ECS 可被视为 FCGS 患者的潜在治疗靶点。
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