Gyarmati Peter, Song Yajing, Dotimas James, Yoshiba Grace, Christison Amy
Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, Illinois, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, Illinois, USA.
Pediatr Obes. 2021 Jun;16(6):e12750. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12750. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Limited studies associate changes in microbiota composition and metabolites among children and adolescents with obesity. Decreases in compositional diversity, increases in the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (F/B ratio) and increases in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been proposed as contributing factors in the pathophysiology of obesity.
The aim of the current study was to characterize the faecal microbiota composition, diversity, F/B ratio and SCFA levels in different weight categories (lean, overweight, obesity classes 1-3) of children ages 5 to 12 years.
We collected and processed 83 samples from different weight categories (27.7% lean, 11% overweight, 15%, 17% and 17% of obesity classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Microbiota content was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, and SCFA content was analyzed.
Microbiota compositions showed no significant differences in diversity or F/B ratios between weight categories. However, a relative abundance of Proteobacteria and lack of Verrucomicrobia were demonstrated when comparing severe obesity to the leaner groups. Faecal butyrate, propionate and isopentanoate concentrations increased progressively with weight category demonstrating significance in the class 3 obesity group.
Our results show that severe childhood obesity in our study population was associated with changes in gut microbiome composition correlated to previously reported cardiometabolic disease states in obesity. Increased SCFA levels correlate with obesity-related microbiome metabolic function without a reduction in diversity characterized at a phyla level. Further characterization of these specimens at a species level and longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate these relationships.
关于肥胖儿童和青少年的微生物群组成及代谢物变化的研究有限。有人提出，组成多样性降低、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的比例增加（F/B 比值）以及短链脂肪酸（SCFA）增加是肥胖病理生理学的促成因素。
本研究的目的是描述 5 至 12 岁不同体重类别（消瘦、超重、1 - 3 级肥胖）儿童的粪便微生物群组成、多样性、F/B 比值和 SCFA 水平。
我们收集并处理了来自不同体重类别的 83 个样本（分别为 27.7%消瘦、11%超重、15%、17%和 17%的 1、2 和 3 级肥胖）。通过对 16S rRNA 基因的 V4 区域进行测序来确定微生物群含量，并分析 SCFA 含量。
不同体重类别之间的微生物群组成在多样性或 F/B 比值上没有显著差异。然而，与较瘦的组相比，重度肥胖组中变形菌门的相对丰度较高，疣微菌门缺乏。粪便中丁酸盐、丙酸盐和异戊酸盐的浓度随着体重类别逐渐增加，在 3 级肥胖组中具有显著性。
我们的结果表明，在我们的研究人群中，儿童重度肥胖与肠道微生物群组成的变化有关，这些变化与先前报道的肥胖相关心脏代谢疾病状态相关。SCFA 水平升高与肥胖相关的微生物群代谢功能相关，而在门水平上没有多样性降低的特征。需要在物种水平上对这些样本进行进一步表征以及进行纵向研究来阐明这些关系。
