Sezione di Igiene, Dipartimento Universitario di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.
Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL), Roma, Italia.
Eur J Public Health. 2021 Apr 24;31(2):313-320. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa184.
While many studies focus on specific aspects of Unaccompanied Migrant Minors' (UMMs) health, especially mental well-being, there is a lack of tools comprehensively assessing their needs. To fill this gap, we developed and validated a questionnaire to thoroughly assess unAccompaniEd miGrant mInorS' physical, psychological, legal, spiritual, social and educational needs (AEGIS-Q).
This work consisted of three stages. The first one involved an extensive literature review. Given the results of the review, a first draft of the questionnaire was developed and submitted to a panel of experts for validation (Delphi method-second stage). During the third stage, the final version of the questionnaire was pilot-tested in a sample of 18 UMMs.
The questionnaire, drafted based on the results of the review, consisted of sections covering personal data, migration profile, physical health needs and access to healthcare, psychological needs, legal needs, spiritual needs and educational and social needs of UMMs. After two Delphi rounds, the final version of the questionnaire, consisting of 83 questions, was structured. The pilot study had a response rate of 89-100%. We found substantial reliability for most of the sections in the questionnaire, including physical health (α=0.652), legal (α=0.781), and educational and social (α=0.614) needs. The questions regarding psychological needs had very high reliability (α=0.860).
The questionnaire offers a useful sharable tool to assess and monitor UMMs' needs, helping the reception system to better know and meet their needs and implement the taking in charge.
尽管许多研究都集中在无人陪伴未成年移民（UMMs）健康的特定方面，尤其是心理健康，但缺乏全面评估他们需求的工具。为了填补这一空白，我们开发并验证了一个问卷，以全面评估无人陪伴未成年移民的身体、心理、法律、精神、社会和教育需求（AEGIS-Q）。
这项工作包括三个阶段。第一阶段涉及广泛的文献回顾。鉴于审查结果，我们编写了问卷初稿，并提交给专家小组进行验证（德尔菲法第二阶段）。在第三阶段，我们在 18 名 UMM 样本中对问卷的最终版本进行了试点测试。
该问卷是基于审查结果起草的，分为个人资料、移民概况、身体健康需求和医疗保健获取、心理需求、法律需求、精神需求以及 UMM 的教育和社会需求等部分。经过两轮德尔菲法，问卷的最终版本由 83 个问题组成。试点研究的回应率为 89-100%。我们发现问卷的大多数部分，包括身体健康（α=0.652）、法律（α=0.781）和教育及社会（α=0.614）需求，都具有相当的可靠性。关于心理需求的问题具有非常高的可靠性（α=0.860）。
该问卷提供了一个有用的共享工具，用于评估和监测 UMM 的需求，帮助接待系统更好地了解和满足他们的需求，并实施照顾。
