Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2021 Feb;141(2):171-180. doi: 10.1080/00016489.2020.1836397. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complain from olfactory dysfunction (OD). To evaluate the prevalence, prognosis, and recovery from OD in COVID-19 patients.
In this study, patients with COVID-19 symptoms who were referred to six different tertiary referral centres were recruited after positive results for COVID-19. All patients were assessed for a one-month follow-up after the initial diagnosis of COVID-19.
Three hundred and eleven patients with COVID-19 were recruited in the present study. Two hundred and seven patients (66.6%) had a recent history of OD. One hundred and seventy-eight patients had experienced OD as a primary symptom intercurrent to other COVID-19 symptoms or solely. Sixty-nine patients had OD at the time of presentation to referral centres. Headache and nasal obstruction had significant relationships with recovery from OD in this subgroup, and the platelet count was the most important predictor for the recovery from OD. One hundred seventy-nine (86.4%) patients were nearly or fully recovered from OD approximately a month after the onset of OD.
Headache, nasal obstruction, and platelet count may have specific roles as prognostic factors in the recovery from OD.
许多新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者抱怨嗅觉功能障碍（OD）。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 患者 OD 的患病率、预后和恢复情况。
本研究纳入了 6 家三级转诊中心因 COVID-19 阳性结果而转诊的 COVID-19 症状患者。所有患者在 COVID-19 初始诊断后均进行了为期 1 个月的随访评估。
本研究共纳入 311 例 COVID-19 患者。207 例（66.6%）患者近期有 OD 病史。178 例患者以 OD 为首发症状，与其他 COVID-19 症状同时出现或单独出现。69 例患者在就诊时存在 OD。在该亚组中，头痛和鼻塞与 OD 的恢复具有显著相关性，血小板计数是 OD 恢复的最重要预测因素。大约在 OD 发病后 1 个月，179 例（86.4%）患者的 OD 几乎完全恢复。
头痛、鼻塞和血小板计数可能是 OD 恢复的预后因素。
