社区对心理健康问题的态度和寻求帮助的行为。
Attitude and help-seeking behavior of the community towards mental health problems.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental health sciences and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 12;15(11):e0242160. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242160. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Community attitude towards mental health problems and help-seeking behavior plays a major role in designing effective community based mental health interventions. This study aimed to assess the attitude, help-seeking behavior, and associated factors of the Jimma zone community towards mental health and mental health problems.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A respondent from each of the 423 systematically selected households was interviewed using a pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaire. Accordingly, a community's attitude towards mental health problems was measured by the adapted version of the "Community Attitude towards Mentally Ill questionnaire (CAMI)" and help-seeking behavior was measured by a general help-seeking questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to determine the independent predictors of the outcome variable.
RESULTS
Among the total 420 study participants (197,46.9%) of them had an overall unfavorable attitude towards mental illness. The majority (153,36.4%) of the study participants agreed on avoidance of anyone who has mental health problems and (150,35.7%) participants described marrying a person with a mental health problem or recovered from the problem is foolishness. Moreover, regression analysis showed family monthly income (AOR = 0.24, 95%CI:0.06-0.91) and occupational status (AOR = 0.57, 95%CI:0.34-0.96) were found to be the predictors of community attitude towards mental health problems. The study finding also revealed a significant number of the respondents preferred non- medical treatment approaches.
CONCLUSION
Almost half of the respondents had an unfavorable attitude towards mental health problems and the traditional and religious help-seeking intention was high. This suggests the need for designing effective community based mental health interventions to improve the general public attitude and help-seeking behavior towards mental health problems.
背景
社区对心理健康问题的态度和寻求帮助的行为在设计有效的基于社区的心理健康干预措施方面起着重要作用。本研究旨在评估吉马地区社区对心理健康和心理健康问题的态度、寻求帮助的行为及其相关因素。
方法
采用基于社区的横断面研究设计。使用经过预测试的、结构化的和由访谈员管理的问卷，对从 423 个系统选择的家庭中的每一个家庭的受访者进行访谈。相应地，通过改编的“社区对精神病患者态度问卷（CAMI）”来衡量社区对心理健康问题的态度，通过一般寻求帮助问卷来衡量寻求帮助的行为。将数据输入 Epi-data 版本 3.1，并导出到 SPSS 版本 23.0 进行分析。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定因变量的独立预测因素。
结果
在总共 420 名研究参与者（197，46.9%）中，他们对精神疾病的总体态度不佳。大多数（153，36.4%）研究参与者同意避免与有心理健康问题的人交往，而（150，35.7%）参与者则认为与有心理健康问题或已从中康复的人结婚是愚蠢的。此外，回归分析表明家庭月收入（AOR=0.24，95%CI：0.06-0.91）和职业状况（AOR=0.57，95%CI：0.34-0.96）是社区对心理健康问题态度的预测因素。研究结果还表明，相当数量的受访者更喜欢非医疗治疗方法。
结论
几乎一半的受访者对心理健康问题持不利态度，传统和宗教寻求帮助的意图很高。这表明需要设计有效的基于社区的心理健康干预措施，以改善公众对心理健康问题的普遍态度和寻求帮助的行为。
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