Chun Heejeong, Lee Young Chun
Department of Ophthalmology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Kyungki-do, Republic of Korea.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Nov 13;99(46):e23111. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023111.
To compare distant visual acuity (DVA) and near visual acuity (NVA) in amblyopia and evaluate if NVA can be used to diagnose amblyopia.A retrospective study was performed on 73 patients diagnosed with amblyopia based on DVA, by measuring their NVA and comparing the DVA and NVA. The NVA was measured by Snellen chart at 30 cm and the DVA was measured by Dr Hahn vision test chart at 5m. The patients' age, type of amblyopia, spherical equivalent, the difference between spherical equivalent and the fellow eye spherical equivalent spherical, and prism diopter (PD) were evaluated and their relationship with the difference between the DVA and NVA was analyzed.The NVA was significantly better than the DVA in amblyopia (P = .000). The difference between the DVA and NVA was not significantly related to the type of amblyopia (P = .600) or the patients' age(P = .351). Also, the difference between the DVA and NVA was not significantly affected by the spherical equivalent (P = .425) or the difference between spherical equivalent and the fellow eye spherical equivalent (P = .212) in anisometropia amblyopia, and also not by the PD (P = .882) in strabismus amblyopia.In amblyopes, the NVA was better than the DVA before amblyopia treatment. The difference between the DVA and NVA was not affected by age, type of amblyopia, spherical equivalent, the difference between spherical equivalent and the fellow eye spherical equivalent spherical, or PD. Therefore, it should be taken into consideration that NVA could underestimate the severity of amblyopia and affect the accuracy at diagnosing amblyopia.
比较弱视患者的远视力（DVA）和近视力（NVA），并评估NVA是否可用于诊断弱视。基于DVA对73例诊断为弱视的患者进行回顾性研究，测量其NVA并比较DVA和NVA。NVA通过在30cm处使用斯内伦视力表测量，DVA通过在5m处使用哈恩博士视力测试表测量。评估患者的年龄、弱视类型、等效球镜度、等效球镜度与对侧眼等效球镜度的差值以及棱镜度（PD），并分析它们与DVA和NVA差值之间的关系。弱视患者的NVA显著优于DVA（P = 0.000）。DVA和NVA的差值与弱视类型（P = 0.600）或患者年龄（P = 0.351）无显著相关性。此外，在屈光参差性弱视中，DVA和NVA的差值不受等效球镜度（P = 0.425）或等效球镜度与对侧眼等效球镜度差值（P = 0.212）的显著影响，在斜视性弱视中也不受PD（P = 0.882）的显著影响。在弱视患者中，弱视治疗前NVA优于DVA。DVA和NVA的差值不受年龄、弱视类型、等效球镜度、等效球镜度与对侧眼等效球镜度差值或PD的影响。因此，应考虑到NVA可能低估弱视的严重程度并影响弱视诊断的准确性。
