Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 10;21(22):8456. doi: 10.3390/ijms21228456.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. GC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage due to late presentation of symptoms. Therefore, there is a need for establishing more sensitive and specific markers useful in early detection of the disease when a cancer is asymptomatic to improve the diagnostic and clinical decision-making process. Some researchers suggest that chemokines and their specific receptors play an important role in GC initiation and progression via promotion of angiogenesis, tumor transformation, invasion, survival and metastasis as well as protection from host response and inter-cell communication. Chemokines are small proteins produced by various cells such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, leukocytes, and epithelial and tumor cells. According to our knowledge, the significance of chemokines and their specific receptors in diagnosing GC and evaluating its progression has not been fully elucidated. The present article offers a review of current knowledge on general characteristics of chemokines, specific receptors and their role in GC pathogenesis as well as their potential usefulness as novel biomarkers for GC.
胃癌（GC）是全球第五大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。由于症状出现较晚，GC 通常在晚期诊断。因此，需要建立更敏感和特异的标志物，用于在癌症无症状时早期检测疾病，以改善诊断和临床决策过程。一些研究人员认为，趋化因子及其特定受体通过促进血管生成、肿瘤转化、侵袭、存活和转移以及防止宿主反应和细胞间通讯，在 GC 的发生和发展中发挥重要作用。趋化因子是由各种细胞（如内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、白细胞、上皮细胞和肿瘤细胞）产生的小蛋白。据我们所知，趋化因子及其特定受体在诊断 GC 和评估其进展中的意义尚未完全阐明。本文综述了趋化因子的一般特征、特异性受体及其在 GC 发病机制中的作用，以及它们作为 GC 新型生物标志物的潜在用途。
