State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2021 Jan;99:346-353. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.06.031. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
The strict control measures and social lockdowns initiated to combat COVID-19 epidemic have had a notable impact on air pollutant concentrations. According to observation data obtained from the China National Environmental Monitoring Center, compared to levels in 2019, the average concentration of NO in early 2020 during COVID-19 epidemic has decreased by 53%, 50%, and 30% in Wuhan city, Hubei Province (Wuhan excluded), and China (Hubei excluded), respectively. Simultaneously, PM concentration has decreased by 35%, 29%, and 19% in Wuhan, Hubei (Wuhan excluded), and China (Hubei excluded), respectively. Less significant declines have also been found for SO and CO concentrations. We also analyzed the temporal variation and spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations in China during COVID-19 epidemic. The decreases in PM and NO concentrations showed relatively consistent temporal variation and spatial distribution. These results support control of NO to further reduce PM pollution in China. The concurrent decrease in NO and PM concentrations resulted in an increase of O concentrations across China during COVID-19 epidemic, indicating that coordinated control of other pollutants is needed.
为应对 COVID-19 疫情而采取的严格管控措施和社会封锁对空气污染物浓度产生了显著影响。根据中国国家环境监测中心获得的观测数据，与 2019 年相比，在 COVID-19 疫情期间，2020 年初湖北省武汉市（不含武汉）、湖北省（不含武汉）和中国的 NO 平均浓度分别下降了 53%、50%和 30%。同时，武汉市、湖北省（不含武汉）和中国（不含湖北）的 PM 浓度分别下降了 35%、29%和 19%。SO 和 CO 浓度的降幅则较小。我们还分析了 COVID-19 疫情期间中国的空气污染物浓度的时间变化和空间分布。PM 和 NO 浓度的下降呈现出较为一致的时间变化和空间分布。这些结果支持中国控制 NO 以进一步减少 PM 污染。NO 和 PM 浓度的同时下降导致 COVID-19 疫情期间中国 O 浓度的增加，表明需要协同控制其他污染物。
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