Jia Li, Sun Jianping, Fu Yanfang
School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000 China.
School of Geography and Planning, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000 China.
Heliyon. 2023 Apr 23;9(5):e15691. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15691. eCollection 2023 May.
Anhui Province locates in the Yangtze River Delta region. The spatial difference between the north and the south is significant, and the air quality is improved over time. Studying the spatial and temporal changes of air pollution and its influencing factors for the coordinated control of air pollutants in the Yangtze River Delta region is significant. This study used the annual and monthly average data of six pollutants, PM, PM, O, NO, SO, and CO, in Anhui Province and various cities from 2015 to 2021 and analyzed the spatiotemporal change characteristics using Excel and GIS software. Meanwhile, this paper used the SPSS correlation analysis method to analyze the correlation between pollutants and meteorological factors and analyzed the impact of economic development and environmental protection policies. The results are shown below. (1) The concentrations of SO, NO, and CO showed an overall downward trend at an interannual level. Meanwhile, the concentrations of PM and PM first increased slowly before 2017 and then declined, while the concentrations of O increased significantly before 2018 and then declined slowly. On a monthly scale, O presented an M-shaped change, while the other five pollutants basically presented a U-shaped change mode. The top monthly pollutants in each city followed the order of PM, O, PM, and NO. (2) PM and PM showed apparent characteristics of high concentrations in the north and low concentrations in the south in space. There were no significant differences in NO, SO, and CO pollution between the north and the south in space, and the differences in spatial pollution among cities were reduced significantly. (3) Five pollutants (SO, NO, PM, PM, and CO) except O were positively correlated, and the degree of correlation was correlated, strongly correlated, and above. However, five pollutants were negatively correlated with O. The temperature had the most significant impact of negative correlation on five pollutants except for O. The sunshine duration had the most significant impact on O. (4) Economic growth and environmental protection policies in Anhui Province have positively affected environmental governance.
安徽省位于长江三角洲地区。南北空间差异显著，空气质量随时间有所改善。研究长江三角洲地区空气污染的时空变化及其影响因素，对于空气污染物的协同控制具有重要意义。本研究利用2015 - 2021年安徽省及各城市六种污染物（PM、PM、O、NO、SO和CO）的年均和月均数据，运用Excel和GIS软件分析时空变化特征。同时，本文采用SPSS相关分析方法分析污染物与气象因素之间的相关性，并分析经济发展和环境保护政策的影响。结果如下：（1）SO、NO和CO的浓度在年际水平上总体呈下降趋势。同时，PM和PM的浓度在2017年前先缓慢上升，然后下降，而O的浓度在2018年前显著上升，然后缓慢下降。在月度尺度上，O呈现M形变化，而其他五种污染物基本呈现U形变化模式。各城市月度污染物排名依次为PM、O、PM和NO。（2）PM和PM在空间上呈现出明显的北高南低特征。NO、SO和CO在南北空间污染上无显著差异，城市间空间污染差异显著减小。（3）除O外的五种污染物（SO、NO、PM、PM和CO）呈正相关，且相关程度为相关、强相关及以上。然而，五种污染物与O呈负相关。温度对除O外的五种污染物的负相关影响最为显著。日照时长对O的影响最为显著。（4）安徽省的经济增长和环境保护政策对环境治理产生了积极影响。
