Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Plant Dis. 2021 Jan;105(1):87-95. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-04-20-0875-RE. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Strawberry anthracnose caused by species is an important disease that may cause significant economic losses. Based on multilocus sequence analyses and morphological characteristics, 64 isolates from strawberry anthracnose samples collected from nine Chinese provinces and municipalities were identified as three species: (29 isolates), (23 isolates), and (12 isolates). Isolates of . showed strong aggressiveness to fruit and leaves. Isolates of . showed strong aggressiveness to crowns. Isolates of . were weakly or not pathogenic to fruit, leaves, or crowns. Sensitivity to carbendazim was determined for a total of 75 isolates, including 11 previously preserved. Two isolates of . were highly resistant (HR) and 21 were moderately resistant (MR). Nine isolates of . were sensitive (S), 24 were HR, and four were MR. All 15 isolates of . were insensitive, and their mycelial growth was not completely inhibited on potato dextrose agar amended with 500 μg/ml carbendazim. Beta-tubulin () of representative isolates was amplified and sequenced, revealing a glutamic acid substituted by alanine at codon 198 in HR isolates of . and . . MR isolates of . and . had a point mutation at codon 200, causing a replacement of phenylalanine acid by tyrosine. No point mutation was detected at codons 50, 167, 198, 200, or 240 in TUB2 of . insensitive isolates. Overall, this study revealed that . was the dominant species causing anthracnose on strawberry and could improve the understanding of the management of fungicide resistance in species on strawberry in China.
草莓炭疽病由 种引起，是一种重要的病害，可能导致重大经济损失。基于多位点序列分析和形态特征，从中国 9 个省、直辖市采集的草莓炭疽病样本中分离出的 64 个菌株被鉴定为 3 个种： （29 个菌株）、 （23 个菌株）和 （12 个菌株）。. 菌株对果实和叶片表现出较强的侵染性。. 菌株对冠部表现出较强的侵染性。. 菌株对果实、叶片或冠部的致病性较弱或不致病。对总共 75 个分离株（包括 11 个先前保存的分离株）进行了多菌灵敏感性测定。. 有 2 个菌株表现出高抗（HR），21 个菌株表现出中抗（MR）。. 有 9 个菌株表现为敏感（S），24 个菌株表现为 HR，4 个菌株表现为 MR。. 所有 15 个菌株均表现为不敏感，其菌丝在添加 500 μg/ml 多菌灵的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上的生长未完全受到抑制。代表菌株的β-微管蛋白（）被扩增和测序，结果表明 HR 菌株中的. 和. 发生了由谷氨酸替换丙氨酸的点突变，位于密码子 198。. 和. 的 MR 菌株在密码子 200 处发生单点突变，导致苯丙氨酸被酪氨酸取代。. 不敏感菌株在 TUB2 的密码子 50、167、198、200 或 240 处未检测到点突变。总体而言，本研究表明 是引起草莓炭疽病的主要病原菌，可提高对中国草莓上炭疽病菌抗药性管理的认识。
