Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2021 Apr;40(4):1719-1732. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.027. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The integrity of the intestinal barrier in the diseased is key to prevent further complications and disease such as sepsis and death, whereas, the role of food bioactive molecules (i. e. phenolic compounds (PCs) on the intestinal barrier, is still unknown. The current aim was to explore the benefits of the oral PC administration on the intestinal barrier integrity in animals.
The effects of PCs on the intestinal barrier integrity in in vivo animal models of intestinal inflammation were assessed up-to August 2020 from the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library databases under the PRISMA methodology. The risk of bias was assessed from ARRAY and SCYRCLE tools.
From 1241 articles, 14 studies were included. In animals, oral resveratrol (n = 6) improves the intestinal barrier integrity and reduces intestinal damage. Additionally, grape seed extract (n = 2), curcumin (n = 1), genistein (n = 1), chlorogenic acid (n = 1), grape pomace (n = 1), olive leaf (n = 1) or cranberry extract (n = 1) improve the intestinal barrier integrity downregulating various inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, and other interleukins), and increasing the antioxidant enzymes in animals. Furthermore, resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin, and other PCs improve the epithelial barrier integrity and pro-inflammatory molecule expression in the intestinal epithelia.
The oral PC administration in animals improves the intestinal barrier integrity and function from three main mechanisms: 1) The reduction of pro-inflammatory molecules, 2) the improvement in tight-junction protein expression, and 3) the improvement of the antioxidant intracellular activity suggesting the potential use of PCs in the management of intestinal injury in humans, particularly for resveratrol, the most studied PC.
在患病状态下，肠道屏障的完整性对于预防进一步的并发症和疾病（如败血症和死亡）至关重要，而食物生物活性分子（如酚类化合物（PCs））对肠道屏障的作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨口服 PCs 对动物肠道屏障完整性的益处。
采用 PRISMA 方法，检索 PubMed、SCOPUS 和 Cochrane Library 数据库，截至 2020 年 8 月，评估 PCs 对肠道炎症动物模型中肠道屏障完整性的影响。采用 ARRAY 和 SCYRCLE 工具评估偏倚风险。
从 1241 篇文章中，纳入了 14 项研究。在动物实验中，口服白藜芦醇（n=6）可改善肠道屏障完整性并减轻肠道损伤。此外，葡萄籽提取物（n=2）、姜黄素（n=1）、染料木黄酮（n=1）、绿原酸（n=1）、葡萄渣（n=1）、橄榄叶（n=1）或蔓越莓提取物（n=1）通过下调各种炎症分子（TNF-α和其他白细胞介素），并增加动物体内的抗氧化酶，改善肠道屏障完整性。此外，白藜芦醇、槲皮素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和其他 PCs 可改善肠道上皮细胞的上皮屏障完整性和促炎分子表达。
口服 PCs 可通过三种主要机制改善动物的肠道屏障完整性和功能：1）减少促炎分子，2）改善紧密连接蛋白表达，3）改善细胞内抗氧化活性，提示 PCs 具有用于人类肠道损伤管理的潜力，尤其是研究最多的 PCs 白藜芦醇。
