Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2020 Dec 7;56(95):14962-14975. doi: 10.1039/d0cc06575g.
Peroxidase mimics of nanoscale materials as alternatives to natural peroxidases have found widespread uses in biomedicine. Among various types of peroxidase mimics, platinum-group metal (PGM) nanocrystals have drawn considerable attention in recent years due to their superior properties. Particularly, PGM nanocrystals display high catalytic efficiencies, allow for facile surface modifications, and possess excellent stabilities. This feature article summarizes our recent work on development of PGM nanocrystals as peroxidase mimics and exploration of their applications in in vitro diagnostics. We begin with a brief introduction to controlled synthesis of PGM nanocrystals in solution phase. We then elaborate on a variety of physicochemical parameters that can be carefully tuned to optimize the peroxidase-like properties of PGM nanocrystals. Then, we highlight the applications of PGM nanocrystals in different in vitro diagnostic platforms. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on future research directions in this emerging field, where challenges and opportunities are remarked.
纳米级材料的过氧化物酶模拟物作为天然过氧化物酶的替代品，在生物医学中得到了广泛的应用。在各种类型的过氧化物酶模拟物中，近年来由于其优异的性能，铂族金属（PGM）纳米晶体引起了相当大的关注。特别地，PGM 纳米晶体显示出高的催化效率，允许易于进行表面修饰，并且具有优异的稳定性。本文总结了我们最近在开发 PGM 纳米晶体作为过氧化物酶模拟物及其在体外诊断中的应用方面的工作。我们首先简要介绍了在溶液相中控制合成 PGM 纳米晶体的方法。然后，我们详细阐述了可以仔细调整的各种物理化学参数，以优化 PGM 纳米晶体的过氧化物酶样性质。然后，我们强调了 PGM 纳米晶体在不同体外诊断平台中的应用。最后，我们对这一新兴领域的未来研究方向提出了个人看法，指出了其中的挑战和机遇。
