Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing, 100097, China.
Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
Environ Res. 2021 Jul;198:110463. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110463. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
The spread of pharmaceutically active chemicals (PACs), such as antibiotics and estrogenic hormones from animal manures can pose threats to the ecologic environment. In this work, animal manure samples were collected from 71 concentrated animal feedlots in Northern China and investigated for 24 antibiotics and 4 estrogenic hormones. Results showed that these micropollutants were ubiquitous in manures with the concentration ranges of undetectable (ND)-543,445 μg/kg (mean: 44,568 μg/kg) for antibiotics and ND-249.8 μg/kg (mean: 24.78 μg/kg) for estrogens. There was a significant variation in the amounts of PACs in different animal manures. The amounts of antibiotics in manures had following order: swine (83,177 μg/kg) >chicken (52,932 μg/kg) >beef (37,120 μg/kg) >dairy (305 μg/kg), while the estrogens in dairy (mean: 39.27 μg/kg) and chicken manures (mean: 40.08 μg/kg) were higher than those in beef (2.7 μg/kg) and swine manures (1.8 μg/kg). Based on the estimated farmland application rate of manure, antibiotics and estrogens may cause high ecological risks to terrestrial organisms according to the risk quotient evaluation. Estrogens could pose a relatively higher risk than antibiotics. The toxicological effects of antibiotics and estrogens to the terrestrial environment should receive more intensive study.
动物粪便中兽药和环境雌激素等具有活性的化学物质（pharmaceutically active chemicals，PACs）的扩散可能会对生态环境造成威胁。本研究采集了中国北方 71 个集约化养殖场的动物粪便样本，检测了 24 种抗生素和 4 种环境雌激素。结果表明，这些痕量污染物在粪便中普遍存在，抗生素浓度范围为未检出（ND）-543,445μg/kg（平均值：44,568μg/kg），雌激素浓度范围为 ND-249.8μg/kg（平均值：24.78μg/kg）。不同动物粪便中 PACs 的含量存在显著差异。粪便中抗生素的含量顺序为：猪（83,177μg/kg）>鸡（52,932μg/kg）>牛（37,120μg/kg）>奶牛（305μg/kg），而奶牛（平均值：39.27μg/kg）和鸡粪便（平均值：40.08μg/kg）中的雌激素含量高于牛（2.7μg/kg）和猪粪便（1.8μg/kg）。基于粪便的农田施用量估算，抗生素和雌激素可能会对陆地生物造成高生态风险，根据风险商数评价。雌激素比抗生素可能造成相对更高的风险。抗生素和雌激素对陆地环境的毒理学效应应受到更深入的研究。
