School of Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul 96055-630, Brazil; Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health (CRExPAH), School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia.
Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health (CRExPAH), School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 Jan;143:111145. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111145. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Dementia is the second leading cause of death in the United Kingdom, affecting 7.1% of older adults. One in five dementia cases in Europe can be attributable to physical inactivity. We examined the association between physical activity at age 50 or older and risk of dementia over 15 years.
The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) comprises a national population-based cohort that began in 2002-03 (baseline) with 9275 individuals aged ≥50 years. Dementia diagnosis was followed over 15 years. Physical activity in daily life and at work was measured at baseline and at two yearly intervals and participants were categorized as inactive, low, or moderate-to-high active. Cumulative incidence of dementia during follow-up was calculated; hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using survival analysis.
At baseline, 69% of the sample were categorized as moderate-to-high active. The inactive, low, and moderate-to-high active groups had a cumulative incidence of dementia of 4.8% (95%CI: 4.4 to 5.4), 0.9% (95%CI:0.8 to 1.1), and 0.2% (95%CI: 0.1 to 0.5), respectively. In adjusted analyses, participants in the low and moderate-to-high active groups had, respectively, 60% and 78% lower risk of developing dementia than the inactive group. Survival analyses showed large between-group differences in the cumulative incidence of dementia over 15 years based on the physical activity categories.
In people aged 50 or more, there is an inverse dose-response association between physical activity and incidence of dementia over 15 years. Even low levels of physical activity have beneficial effects.
痴呆症是英国的第二大死因，影响了 7.1%的老年人。欧洲五分之一的痴呆病例可归因于身体活动不足。我们研究了 50 岁或以上人群的身体活动与 15 年以上痴呆风险之间的关联。
英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）是一项基于全国人口的队列研究，于 2002-03 年开始（基线），共有 9275 名年龄≥50 岁的个体。在 15 年的随访期间对痴呆症的诊断进行了跟踪。在基线和两年一次的间隔测量了日常生活和工作中的身体活动，参与者被分为不活动、低活动和中高强度活动。计算了随访期间痴呆症的累积发病率；使用生存分析估计了风险比和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在基线时，69%的样本被归类为中高强度活动。不活动、低活动和中高强度活动组的痴呆累积发病率分别为 4.8%（95%CI：4.4 至 5.4）、0.9%（95%CI：0.8 至 1.1）和 0.2%（95%CI：0.1 至 0.5）。在调整后的分析中，低活动组和中高强度活动组的参与者患痴呆症的风险分别比不活动组低 60%和 78%。生存分析显示，根据身体活动类别，15 年内痴呆症累积发病率存在较大的组间差异。
在 50 岁或以上的人群中，身体活动与 15 年以上的痴呆症发病率之间存在负剂量反应关系。即使是低水平的身体活动也有有益的效果。
