Zhang Xinheng, Zhao Qiqi, Wu Che, Xie Zi, Ci Xiaotong, Li Hongxin, Lin Wencheng, Zhang Huanmin, Xie Qingmei
College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Oct 30;11:555739. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.555739. eCollection 2020.
H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) infection in chickens is often accompanied by secondary bacterial infection, but the mechanism is unclear. The aim of the present study was to reveal that mechanism and explore non-antibiotic treatment. 16s rRNA sequencing and metabonomics were performed in the intestinal contents of chickens infected with H9N2 AIV or H9N2 AIV and fed with ageratum-liquid (AL) to reveal the metabolite that promote intestinal proliferation caused by H9N2 AIV, as well as to determine the regulatory effect of AL. It was found that H9N2 AIV infection led to become the dominant gut microbe and promoted translocation from the intestinal tract to the visceral tissue through the damaged intestinal barrier. H9N2 AIV infection induces inflammation in the intestinal mucosa and promotes the secretion and release of nitrate from the host intestinal epithelium. In addition, nitrate promoted proliferation in the inflamed intestinal tract following H9N2 AIV infection. Furthermore, Chinese herbal medicine AL can restore intestinal homeostasis, inhibit the production of nitrate in the intestinal epithelium and effectively prevent the proliferation and translocation of in the intestines. This is the first report on the mechanism of secondary infection induced by H9N2 AIV, where herbal medicine AL was shown to have a good preventive effect on the secondary infection.
鸡感染H9N2禽流感病毒（AIV）常伴有继发性细菌感染，但其机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在揭示该机制并探索非抗生素治疗方法。对感染H9N2 AIV或感染H9N2 AIV并饲喂藿香液（AL）的鸡的肠道内容物进行16s rRNA测序和代谢组学分析，以揭示促进H9N2 AIV引起肠道增殖的代谢物，并确定AL的调节作用。研究发现，H9N2 AIV感染导致成为优势肠道微生物，并通过受损的肠道屏障促进从肠道向内脏组织的易位。H9N2 AIV感染诱导肠道黏膜炎症，促进宿主肠道上皮细胞硝酸盐的分泌和释放。此外，硝酸盐促进H9N2 AIV感染后炎症肠道中的增殖。此外，中药AL可恢复肠道稳态，抑制肠道上皮细胞中硝酸盐的产生，并有效防止肠道中 的增殖和易位。这是关于H9N2 AIV诱导继发性感染机制的首次报道，其中显示中药AL对继发性感染具有良好的预防作用。 （注：原文中部分表述似乎不完整或有误，比如“导致成为优势肠道微生物”“促进肠道中 的增殖和易位”这里的“成为”和“的”指代不明，但按要求忠实翻译）
