Noor Mohammad, Haq Mohsina, Ul Haq Najib, Amin Said, Rahim Fawad, Bahadur Sher, Ullah Raza, Khan Muhammad Asif, Mahmood Afsheen, Gul Huma
Internal Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, PAK.
Internal Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, PAK.
Cureus. 2020 Nov 9;12(11):e11389. doi: 10.7759/cureus.11389.
Objective In this study, we aimed at comparing the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in healthcare workers (HCWs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receiving and non-COVID-19 receiving hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in a COVID-19 receiving hospital (hospital 'A') and a non-COVID-19 receiving hospital (hospital 'B'). Using stratified random sampling, 1,011 HCWs (439 from hospital 'A' and 572 from hospital 'B') were recruited to participate in the study. Immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin M (IgG/IgM) antibodies were checked using Elecsys® (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay. The chi-squared test was used to compare frequencies, and the binary logistic regression model was used to predict the association between study variables' seropositivity to SARS-CoV-2. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The overall seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the two hospitals was 30.76%. It was 28.2% in hospital 'A' and 32.7% in hospital 'B' (p=0.129). The seroprevalence in HCWs having direct contact with COVID-19 patients was higher (33.1%) in non-COVID-19 receiving hospital versus 23.8% in COVID-19 receiving hospital (p=0.034). Seroprevalence was highest among administrative staff (44.0%), followed by nurses (30.8%), residents (19.8%), and consultants (17.8%) (p=0.001). As compared to consultants, the administrative and nursing staff were 3.398 and 3.116 times more likely to have positive antibodies, respectively. There were no significant differences in the seroprevalence between the respective categories of staff of the two hospitals. Conclusions The non-COVID-19 receiving hospital had a higher proportion of seropositive HCWs than the COVID-19 receiving hospital. The HCWs in the non-COVID-19 receiving hospital who had direct contact with patients had significantly higher seroprevalence. Seroprevalence was highest for administrative staff followed by nursing staff, residents, and consultants. Regardless of the COVID-19 status of the healthcare facility, all HCWs shall be trained on, and consistently follow, the proper protocols for donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE).
目的 在本研究中，我们旨在比较巴基斯坦白沙瓦收治2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的医院和未收治COVID-19的医院中医护人员（HCW）严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体的血清阳性率。方法 这项横断面分析研究在一家收治COVID-19的医院（医院“A”）和一家未收治COVID-19的医院（医院“B”）进行。采用分层随机抽样，招募了1011名医护人员（439名来自医院“A”，572名来自医院“B”）参与研究。使用罗氏（瑞士巴塞尔）的Elecsys®抗SARS-CoV-2免疫测定法检测免疫球蛋白G/免疫球蛋白M（IgG/IgM）抗体。采用卡方检验比较频率，使用二元逻辑回归模型预测研究变量对SARS-CoV-2血清阳性的关联。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果 两家医院中SARS-CoV-2抗体的总体血清阳性率为30.76%。医院“A”为28.2%，医院“B”为32.7%（p = 0.129）。在未收治COVID-19的医院中，与COVID-19患者有直接接触的医护人员的血清阳性率较高（33.1%），而在收治COVID-19的医院中为23.8%（p = 0.034）。行政人员的血清阳性率最高（44.0%），其次是护士（30.8%）、住院医师（19.8%）和顾问医师（17.8%）（p = 0.001）。与顾问医师相比，行政人员和护士有阳性抗体的可能性分别高出3.398倍和3.116倍。两家医院各类工作人员的血清阳性率没有显著差异。结论 未收治COVID-19的医院中血清阳性的医护人员比例高于收治COVID-19的医院。在未收治COVID-19的医院中，与患者有直接接触的医护人员的血清阳性率显著更高。行政人员的血清阳性率最高，其次是护士、住院医师和顾问医师。无论医疗机构的COVID-19状况如何，所有医护人员都应接受关于正确穿脱个人防护装备（PPE）的培训并始终遵循相关规程。
