From the 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital.
Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
QJM. 2022 Jun 7;115(6):351-358. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa310.
Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) virus is a flavivirus that can be transmitted to humans from monkeys or other mammals through hard ticks (Haemaphysalis spinigera). The disease is endemic to 16 districts in 5 states of Southern India and is reported in the dry season, most commonly in humans travelling to the forests in these areas. The aim of this systematic review is to raise awareness of the clinical and laboratory manifestation of KFD among physicians and travel medicine practitioners. A total of 153 articles were screened of which 16 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included for qualitative analysis. KFD is an acute haemorrhagic fever with a biphasic component in some individuals. The second phase is usually marked by neurological symptoms. Leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases are the hallmarks of the first phase of KFD. The diagnostic modality of choice in the first few days of illness is polymerase chain reaction assay, whereas serology is used in the late phase. In the absence of a specific antiviral treatment, the clinical management of patients is limited to supportive care. Avoidance of exposure and vaccination is recommended to prevent this infection.
基孔肯雅热病毒（KFD 病毒）是一种黄病毒，可通过硬蜱（Haemaphysalis spinigera）从猴子或其他哺乳动物传播给人类。该疾病流行于印度南部 5 个邦的 16 个区，发病于旱季，最常见于前往这些地区森林的旅行者。本系统评价旨在提高医生和旅行医学从业者对 KFD 的临床和实验室表现的认识。共筛选出 153 篇文章，其中符合纳入和排除标准的 16 篇文章进行定性分析。KFD 是一种急性出血热，在某些个体中呈双相性。第二期通常以神经系统症状为特征。白细胞减少症、血小板减少症和转氨酶升高是 KFD 第一阶段的特征。在疾病的最初几天，聚合酶链反应检测是首选的诊断方法，而血清学检测则用于后期。由于没有特定的抗病毒治疗方法，患者的临床管理仅限于支持性护理。建议避免接触和接种疫苗以预防这种感染。
