Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, China.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2021 Apr;94(3):557-564. doi: 10.1007/s00420-020-01607-5. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
Workplace violence has been recognized globally as a serious occupational hazard in health service occupations, and existing studies have identified that workplace violence can significantly lead to depression. Interpersonal distrust, an important topic, has also been proved associated with workplace violence and depression. However, the mediating effect of interpersonal distrust has not been tested before. Results of such testing can help us to understand further the effect mechanism of workplace violence on depression.
In the current study, we collected 3426 valid questionnaires based on a cross-sectional design distributed among medical staff in Chinese hospitals. Depression, workplace violence, interpersonal distrust, social support, physical diseases, and some other social-demographic variables were evaluated. SPSS macros program (PROCESS v3.3) was used to test the mediating effect of interpersonal distrust on the association between workplace violence and depression.
The data analyzed in the current study demonstrated that 52.2% of medical staff had experienced workplace violence before. Experiencing verbal violence (β = 2.99, p < 0.001), experiencing physical violence (β = 3.70, p < 0.01), experiencing both kinds of violence (β = 4.84, p < 0.001), high levels of interpersonal distrust (β = 0.22, p < 0.001), working as a nurse (β = 1.10, p < 0.05), working as a manager (β = - 1.72, p < 0.001), suffering physical disease (β = 3.35, p < 0.001), and receiving social support (β = - 0.23, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with depression. Workplace violence had not only positive direct effects on depression, but also an indirect effect on depression through interpersonal distrust as a mediator.
Interpersonal distrust can mediate the association between workplace violence and depression. Increasing interpersonal trust or reducing workplace violence would be beneficial to promoting mental health status among medical staff.
workplace violence 已被全球公认为卫生服务职业中的一种严重职业危害，现有研究表明 workplace violence 会显著导致抑郁。人际不信任是一个重要的话题，也已被证明与 workplace violence 和抑郁有关。然而，人际不信任的中介作用尚未得到验证。对这种中介作用进行检验的结果可以帮助我们进一步了解 workplace violence 对抑郁的影响机制。
在本研究中，我们采用横断面设计，在中国医院的医务人员中发放了 3426 份有效问卷。评估了抑郁、工作场所暴力、人际不信任、社会支持、躯体疾病和其他一些社会人口学变量。使用 SPSS 宏程序（PROCESS v3.3）检验人际不信任在工作场所暴力与抑郁之间的关联中的中介作用。
本研究分析的数据表明，52.2%的医务人员曾经历过 workplace violence。经历言语暴力（β=2.99，p<0.001）、经历躯体暴力（β=3.70，p<0.01）、经历两种暴力（β=4.84，p<0.001）、人际不信任程度高（β=0.22，p<0.001）、护士（β=1.10，p<0.05）、管理人员（β=-1.72，p<0.001）、躯体疾病（β=3.35，p<0.001）和社会支持（β=-0.23，p<0.001）与抑郁显著相关。工作场所暴力不仅对抑郁有直接的正向影响，而且通过人际不信任作为中介对抑郁也有间接影响。
人际不信任可以中介工作场所暴力与抑郁之间的关系。增加人际信任或减少工作场所暴力将有利于促进医务人员的心理健康状况。
